The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in the Effect of Perception of Commitment to Change on Job Satisfaction

Purpose – The period we are in forces individuals, societies, and naturally businesses to change. Businesses experience many changes together in terms of technology, organizational culture and structural features. These change processes create positive or negative effects on the satisfaction of employees. Top administrations generally have to be aware of the importance of voluntary participation in the process of change to take the support of the followers and to overcome the process without any problems. The mediating role of organizational commitment that manifests in different ways under the effect of the perception of affective commitment to the change on job satisfaction have been tried to be determined. Design/methodology/approach – Within the scope of the study in which 372 personnel of Yozgat Provincial Health Directorate were considered as the population, data were obtained from a sample of 196 people. Due to the changes in the structuring processes of the provincial organization of the Ministry of Health, the employees of the Provincial Health Directorate were included in the research process. The quantitative method was preferred and the questionnaire was used as data collection technique. Findings – As a result of the research, it was determined that affective and normative organizational commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between affective commitment to change and job satisfaction. Continuance commitment does not have a mediating effect on the relationship between the perception of affective commitment to change and job satisfaction. Discussion – It is an undeniable necessity to get the support of organization employees in the process of change and to ensure that they have faith in this process. However, another important issue is how employees develop a commitment to their organizations when they set aside the process of change in their minds. Organizations should focus on the ways of making their employees dependent on the organization rather than making them dependent on change. Especially in change processes that concern the whole organization, motivating employees to develop beliefs and support for the said change without examining and analyzing the types and levels of commitment to the organization, or providing this with pressure, can cause the failure of change processes that require very serious labor and capital.

PDF

___

Allen, N.J. & Meyer, J.P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and normative commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.

Baron, R.M. & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.

Bartlett, K.R. (1999). The Relationship Between Training and Organizational Commitment in The Health Care Field. The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Illınois, Urbana.

Business Insider. 16.04.2018. “Silicon Valley techies get free food and dazzling offices, but they're not very loyal - here's how long the average employee stays at the biggest tech companies”, https://www.businessinsider.com/average-employee-tenure-retention-at-top-tech-companies-2018-4, Erişim Tarihi: 10.02.2020.

Cater, B. & Zabkar, V. (2009). Antecedents and Consequences of Commitment in Marketing Research Services: The Clients’ Perspective. Industrial Marketing Management. 38(7), 785-797.

Darıcan, Ş. (2019). Hastanelerde Personel Güçlendirmenin İş Tatmini, Yöneticiye Güven Ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerine Etkisi Ve Buna Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi, SBE, İşletme ABD, İstanbul.

Falkenburg, K. & Schyns, B. (2007). Work Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Withdrawal Behaviors. Management Research News, 30(10), 708-723.

Forbes. 03.10.2019. “Global 2000: The World’s Best Employers”, https://www.forbes.com/lists/worlds-bestemployers/#ce3f7ff1e0ca, Erişim Tarihi: 10.02.2020.

Fritz, M.S. & MacKinnon, D.P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. Psychological Science, 18, 233-239.

Furtmueller, E., Van Dick, R. & Wilderom, C.P. (2011). On the illusion of organizational commitment among finance professionals. Team Performance Management, 17(5/6), 255-278.

Gomes, D.R. (2009). Organizational change and job satisfaction: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Exedra: Revista Científica, (1), 177-195.

Gürbüz, S. (2019). Sosyal Bilimlerde Aracı, Düzenleyici ve Durumsal Etki Analizleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.

Gürbüz, S. & Bekmezci, M. (2012). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamalarının Bilgi İşçilerinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde Duygusal Bağlılığın Aracılık Ve Düzenleyicilik Rolü. İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(2): 189-213.

Hackman, J.R. & Oldham, G.R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology. 60: 159-170.

Hayes, A.F. & Rockwood, N.J. (2017). Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation analysis in clinical research: Observations, recommendations, and implementation. Behavior Research and Therapy, 98, 39-57.

Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. 2nd Edition. New York: Guilford Publications.

Herscovitch, L., & Meyer, J. P. (2002). Commitment to Organizational Change: Extension of A ThreeComponent Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3): 474-487.

Holt, D.T., Armenakis, A.A., Feild, H.S. & Harris, S.G. (2007). Readiness for organizational change: The systematic development of a scale. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 43(2): 232-255.

Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to Organizational Change: A Critical Review. Journal of Change Management, 10(1), 79-108.

İmamoğlu, E.B. & Turan, A.D. (2019). Güçlendirici liderlik ile bilgi paylaşımı davranışı arasındaki ilişkide algılanan örgütsel desteğin aracı rolü: Bilişim sektöründe bir araştırma. Istanbul Management Journal, 87: 27-48.

Karagöz, Y. (2014). SPSS 21.1 Uygulamalı Biyoistatistik. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.

Keser, A. & Kümbül Güler. (2016). Çalışma Psikolojisi. Kocaeli: Umuttepe Yayınları.

Koç, F., Kaya, N., Özbek, V., & Akkılıç, M. E. (2014). Algılanan Fiyat İle Tüketici Güveni Arasında Algılanan Hizmet Kalitesinin Aracı Etkisi: Bankacılık Ve GSM Sektörlerinin Karşılaştırılmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Pazarlama ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı: 13: 1-26.

Koçel, T. (2005). İşletme Yöneticiliği. 10. Baskı. İstanbul: Arıkan Yayınları.

Lines, R. (2004). Influence of participation in strategic change: resistance, organizational commitment and change goal achievement. Journal of Change Management, 4(3): 193-215.

Meyer, J.P. & Allen, N.J. (1991). A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1): 61-89.

Meyer, J.P., Allen, N.J. & Smith, C.A. (1993). Commitment to Organizations and Occupations: Extension and Test of a Three Component Conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4): 538-551.

Meyer, J.P., Irving, P.G. & Allen, N.J. (1998). Examination of the Combined Effects of Work Values and Early Work Experiences on Organizational Commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.19: 29-52.

Meyer, J.P., Srinivas, E.S., Lal, J.B. & Topolnytsky, L. (2007). Employee Commitment and Support for An Organizational Change: Test of the Three-Component Model in Two Cultures. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(2): 185-211.

Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of vocational behavior, 14(2), 224-247.

Olağanüstü Hal Kapsamında Bazı Düzenlemeler Yapılması Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararname (2017, 25 Ağustos). Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 30165 (Mükerrer). Erişim Adresi: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/08/20170825-13.pdf.

Özbek, V., Alnıaçık, Ü., Koç, F., Akkılıç, M.E. & Kaş, E. (2014). Kişilik özelliklerinin teknoloji kabulü üzerindeki doğrudan ve dolaylı etkileri: Akıllı telefon teknolojileri üzerine bir araştırma. International Review of Economics and Management, 2(1), 36-57.

Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar İle İstatistiksel Veri Analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.

Özkalp, E. & Kırel, Ç. (2005). Örgütsel Davranış. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.

Parish, J. T., Cadwallader, S., & Busch, P. (2008). Want to, need to, ought to: employee commitment to organizational change. Journal of organizational change management, 21(1), 32-52.

Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M. & Boulian, P.V. (1973). Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover among Psychiatric Technicians. US Department of Health, Education & Welfare National Institute of Education, Technical Report, No:16, 1-24.

Preacher, K.J. & Hayes, A.F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 36, 717-731.

Preacher, K.J. & Kelly, K. (2011). Effect size measures for mediation models: Quantitative strategies for communicating indirect effects. Psychological Methods, 16, 93-115.

Rafferty, A.E. & Griffin, M.A. (2006). Perceptions of organizational change: A stress and coping perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1154.

Reid, M.F., Riemenschneider, C.K., Allen, M.W. & Armstrong, D.J. (2008). Information Technology Employees in State Government: A Study of Affective Organizational Commitment, Job Involvementi and Job Satisfaction. The American Review of Public Administration. 38(1), 41-61.

Robbins, S.P. & Judge, T.A. (2013). Örgütsel Davranış. 14. Baskı. Çev. Edit. İnci Erdem. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.

Sağlık Bakanlığı Ve Bağlı Kuruluşlarının Teşkilat Ve Görevleri Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararname (2011, 2 Kasım). Resmi Gazete (Sayı: 28103 (Mükerrer)). Erişim Adresi: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/11/20111102M1-3.htm.

Schein, E.H. (1980). Organizational Psychology, 3rd Edition. Englewood Cliffs-NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Sezgin, A.B., Tolay, E. & Sürgevil, O. (2016). Örgütsel Değişim Sinizmi: Çalışanların Değişime Karşı Tutumlarının İncelenmesine Yönelik Nitel Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 12(45): 411- 438.

Shin, J., Seo, M. G., Shapiro, D. L., & Taylor, M. S. (2015). Maintaining employees’ commitment to organizational change: The role of leaders’ informational justice and transformational leadership. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 51(4), 501-528.

Spector, P.E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications.

Şeşen, H. & Basım, H.N. (2010). Çalışanların Adalet Algısının Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışlarına Etkisi: İş Tatmininin Aracılık Rolü. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi. 37, 171-193.

Şevik, Ü. (2019). Algılanan Örgütsel Politika İle Pozitif Psikolojik Sermayenin İş Tatmini, İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Ve Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerine Etkisi: Afyonkarahisar Örneği. Doktora Tezi. Sakarya Üniversitesi, İşletme Enstitüsü, Yön. ve Org. ABD, Sakarya.

TLA (Turkish Language Association). (2020). Değişim. https://sozluk.gov.tr/, Erişim Tarihi: 06.02.2020.

Toffler, A. (2018). Üçüncü Dalga – Bir Fütürist Ekonomi Analizi Klasiği. Çev. Selim Yeniçeri. İstanbul: Koridor Yayıncılık.

Toprak, M. & Aydın, T. (2015). Değişime Bağlılık Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması Çalışması. Electronic International Journal of Education, Arts, and Science, 1(1), 35-54.

Tunçer, P. (2013). Değişim Yönetimi Sürecinde Değişime Direnme. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(1), 373-406.

Weiner, B.J. (2009). A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implementation Science, 4(1), 67-75.

Wulandari, P., Mangundjaya, W. & Utoyo, D.B. (2015). Is job satisfaction a moderator or mediator on the relationship between change leadership and commitment to change. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 104-111.

Valaei, N. & Rezaei, S. (2016). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment: An empirical investigation among ICT-SMEs. Management Research Review, 39(12), 1663-1694.

Yousef, D.A. (2000). Organizational commitment and job satisfaction as predictors of attitudes toward organizational change in a non-western setting. Personnel Review, 29(5), 567-592. Zincirkıran, M. & Keser, A. (2018). Örgütsel Davranış. Bursa: Dora Basım Yayın.