Enformasyon Toplumunun Ekonomi Politiği

II. Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra, yeni iletişim ve enformasyon teknolojileri ile bunlarabağlı olarak enformasyon üretiminde önemli bir artış olmuştur. Daniel Bell, David Harveyve Manuel Castells gibi toplumbilimciler, 1970’lerden itibaren bilgiye dayalı yeni birenformasyon toplumunun bu gelişmeler sonucunda ortaya çıktığını iddia etmişlerdir.Bu bağlamda bu makalede, eleştirel ekonomi politik yaklaşımla enformasyon toplumukavramsallaştırması nitel/tarihsel bir yaklaşımla incelenmiştir. Buna göre, enformasyonteknolojileri ve bunların içerikleri özel sektör tarafından onun ihtiyaçları ve amaçlarıdoğrultusunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Teknoloji ve içeriğin mülkiyet yapısı özel sektöründenetimindedir ve bunlar, toplumun bilgi ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla değil, kapitalistpazar mekanizması çerçevesinde emtia formunda üretilir. Kullanıcıların bunlara erişimive kullanımı da yine onların gelir düzeyine bağlıdır. Mevcut dünya sistemi bağlamındaenformasyon teknolojileri ve bunların içerikleri gelişmiş ülkelerle az gelişmiş ülkelerarasındaki ekonomik ve kültürel bağımlılığı ve dijital bölünmeyi daha da artırmıştır. Yenienformasyon teknolojileri ve bunların içerikleri hem sistemin enformasyonel altyapısı hemde bu alanda üretilen yeni emtialar açısından küresel kapitalizmin temel bileşenlerindendir.

The Political Economy of Information Society

After World War II, there has been a significant increase in information production due to new communication and information technologies and their contents. Sociologists such as Daniel Bell, David Harvey and Manuel Castells have argued that since the 1970’s a new “information society”, based on knowledge has emerged as a result of these developments. In this context, in this article, the conceptualization of the information society has been examined with a qualitative/historical approach using critical political economy. Accordingly, the information technologies (hardwares) and their contents (softwares) have been carried out by the private sector in accordance with their needs and objectives. The ownership structure of technology and the content are under the supervision of the private sector and they are produced in the form of commodities within the framework of the capitalist market mechanism, not to meet the needs of information of the society. Users’ access to information technologies and their contents also depends on their level of income. In the context of the present World system, information technologies and their contents have further increased economic and cultural dependency and the digital divide between developed and less developed countries. New information technologies and their contents are main components of global capitalism in terms of both the information infrastructure of the system end the new commodities which are produced in this area.

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