2016

Medya Arası Gündem Belirleme Kuramı Çerçevesinde Hürriyet ve Twitter Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Son 20 yılda ana akım medya ve internet platformları arasındaki gündem belirleme ilişkisine odaklanan pek çok araştırma yapıldı. Ancak bu çalışmalar kuramı genellikle Amerikan medyası bağlamında açıklamaya çalıştı. Dolayısıyla Türkiye gibi tamamen farklı bir medya yapısına sahip bir ülkeye ait bilgi henüz sınırlıdır. Aradaki bu boşluğu doldurmak için bu çalışmada online ana akım Türk medyası ile sosyal medya arasındaki gündem belirleme ilişkisine odaklanılmıştır. Veriler Hürriyet gazetesi web sitesi ve Twitter'dan 8-14 Şubat 2015 tarihleri arasında bir hafta (yedi gün) boyunca günde iki sefer, sabah ve akşam olmak üzere toplanmıştır. Ardından her iki platformdan toplanan verilere iki ayrı içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Sonrasında, hipotezlerde öngörülen karşılıklı medya arası gündem belirleme olduğuna dair iddiayı test etmek için tasarlanan çapraz zaman gecikmeli panellerle medya arası korelasyonlara bakılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre bu iki medya platformu arasında net bir gündem belirleme etkisi bulunamamıştır

A Study on Hürriyet and Twitter Within the Framework of Intermedia Agenda-Setting

Over the past two decades, many studies have been conducted on agenda-setting theory focusing on the relationship between mainstream media and internet platforms. However, these studies predominantly addressed the phenomena within the American media context. Therefore, the knowledge about a totally different context such as Turkey is unclear. That is the reason why, in this study, I intend to close the gap by analyzing the intermedia agenda-setting relationship between online Turkish mainstream media and social media. The data were collected from a major newspaper, Hürriyet, and Twitter twice per day, mornings and evenings, from 8 February 2015 to 14 February 2015. Later, two separate content analyses were conducted, and cross-lagged panels were designed to examine the hypothesized relationships which predicted a bi-directional influence between mainstream media and Twitter. The results revealed no clear intermedia agenda-setting relationship between media

PDF

___

Basın İlan Kurumu, (2013). Yazılı Basın, Sosyal Medya Karşısında Eriyor, http:// www.bik.gov.tr/yazili-basin-sosyal-medya-karsisinda-eriyor-haberi-52499/. Accessed: 03.01.2015.
Baxter, L.A. and Babbie, E., (2004). The basics of communication research, Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
Cohen, B.C., (1963). The press and foreign policy, Princeton, N. J: Princeton University Press.
Dunn, S.W., (2006). Candidate and media agenda setting in the 2005 Virginia gubernatorial election. Master’s Thesis, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg.
Habertürk (2013), http://www.haberturk.com/medya/haber/901758-gezi-olaylaritwittera-yaradi. Accessed: 06.04.2015.
Hawksey, Martin, (2014). About, https://tags.hawksey.info/about/, Accessed: 05.02.2015.
Ku, G., Kaid, L.L. and Pfau, M., (2003). “The Impact of Web Site Campaigning on Traditional News Media and Public Information Processing”, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 80, (3), p. 528–547.
Kushin, M.J., (2010). Tweeting the issues in the age of social media? Intermedia agenda setting between the New York Times and Twitter. PhD Thesis, Pullman, WA: Washington State University.
Lee, B., Lancendorfer, K.M. and Lee, K.J., (2005). “Agenda-setting and the internet: The intermedia influence of internet bulletin boards on newspaper coverage of the 2000 general election in South Korea”, Asian Journal of Communication, 15, (1), p. 57–71.
Lee, G. (2005). Agenda setting effects in the digital age: Uses and effects of online media. PhD Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, United States.
Lopez-Escobar, E., Llamas, J.P., McCombs, M.E. and Lennon, F.R., (1998). “Two Levels of Agenda Setting Among Advertising and News in the 1995 Spanish Elections”, Political Communication, 15, (2), p. 225–238.
McCombs, M.E., (2005). “A look at Agenda-Setting: Past, present and future”, Journalism Studies, 6, (4), p. 543-557.
McCombs, M.E. and Bell, T., (1996). The Agenda-Setting Role of Mass Communication. In: Michael S. and Don S. (eds) An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp.93-110.
McCombs, M.E., Lopez-Escobar, E. and Llamas, J.P., (2000). “Setting the agenda of attributes in the 1996 Spanish general election”, Journal of Communication, 50, (2), p. 77–92.
McCombs, M.E. and Shaw, D.L., (1972). “The Agenda-Setting Function of Mass Media”, Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, (2), p. 176-187.
McCombs, M.E. and Shaw, D.L., (1993). “The Evolution of Agenda-Setting Research: Twenty-Five Years in the Marketplace of Ideas”, Journal of Communication, 43, (2), p. 58–67.
Medyatava, (2016). Tiraj, http://www.medyatava.com/tiraj. Accessed: 23.06.2016. Melek, G., (2015). Medya Arası Gündem Belirleme Kuramı Çerçevesinde Hürriyet ve Twitter Üzerine Bir Çalışma. PhD Thesis, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir. Monitera, (2013). 2013 Twitter Türkiye Profili, http://blog.monitera. com/2013/02/2013-twitter-turkiye-profili.html. Accessed: 24.08.2015.
Palmgreen, P. and Clarke, P., (1977). “Agenda-Setting with Local and National Issues”, Communication Research, 4, (4), p. 435–452.
Reese, S.D. and Danielian, L.H., (1989). Intermedia influence and the drug issue: Converging on cocaine. In: Shoemaker PJ (eds) Communication Campaigns about Drugs: Government, Media, and the Public. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp.29-46.
Roberts, M. and McCombs, M.E., (1994). “Agenda setting and political advertising: Origins of the news agenda”, Political Communication, 11, (3), p. 249–262.
Roberts, M., Wanta, W. and Dzwo, T.H., (2002). “Agenda Setting and Issue Salience Online”, Communication Research, 29, (4), p. 452–465.
Rozelle, R.M. and Campbell, D.T., (1969). “More plausible rival hypotheses in the cross-lagged panel correlation technique”, Psychological Bulletin, 71, (1), p. 74–80.
Shadish, W.R., Cook, T.D. and Campbell, D.T., (2002). Experimental and quasiexperimental designs for generalized causal inference, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Shaw, D.L. and McCombs, M.E., (1977). The Emergence of American Political Issues: The Agenda-Setting Function of the Press, St. Paul: West.
Sweetser, K.D., Golan, G.J. and Wanta, W., (2008). “Intermedia Agenda Setting in Television, Advertising, and Blogs During the 2004 Election”, Mass Communication and Society, 11, (2), p. 197–216.
Tedesco, J.C., (2001). “Issue and Strategy Agenda-Setting in the 2000 Presidential Primaries”, American Behavioral Scientist, 44(12), p. 2048–2067.
Tedesco, J.C., (2005). “Issue and Strategy Agenda Setting in the 2004 Presidential Election: Exploring the candidate–journalist relationship”, Journalism Studies, 6(2), p. 187–201.
Tipton, L., Haney, R.D. and Baseheart, J.R., (1975). “Media Agenda-Setting in City and State Election Campaigns”, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 52, (1), p. 15–22.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, (2014). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması, 2014, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=16198. Accessed: 06.04.2015.
Twitter, (2015). Transparency Report Removal Requests, https://transparency. twitter.com/removal-requests/2015/jan-jun. Accessed: 23.06.2016.
Twitter Counter, (2017). Top 100 Followers in Turkey, http://twittercounter.com/ pages/100/turkey. Accessed: 19.02.2017.
Vieweg, S., (2010). The ethics of Twitter research. Proceedings of the Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 27, p. 1–3.
Wallsten, K., (2007). “Agenda Setting and the Blogosphere: An Analysis of the Relationship between Mainstream Media and Political Blogs”, Review of Policy Research, 24(6), p. 567–587.