BİRİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI YILLARINDA GÜNEY AFRİKA'DA OSMANLILAROsmanlı Devleti'nin Zihinsel Sınırlarına Yolculuk

Bu çalışmada bir İngiliz sömürgesi olan Güney Afrikada Birinci Dünya Savaşı esnasında mevcut olan Osmanlı ulemasının meydana getirdiği Osmanlı hilafetinin etkisinin, sömürgeci idari kesim üzerindeki endişesi arşiv belgeleri ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Hilafetin Müslüman ahali üzerindeki etkisi sebebiyle tüm sömürgelerinde fevkalade temkinli hareket eden Britanya İmparatorluğu, Birinci Cihan Harbinde İtilaf devletlerinin üç büyük sömürgeci gücünden birisiydi. Osmanlı uleması İslam âlemine hizmet maksadıyla Afrikanın muhtelif memleketlerinde ilmî faaliyetlerle yerli halkı hizmetleriyle aydınlatmaktaydı. Osmanlı ulemasının faaliyetlerine binaen elimizde, Birinci Cihan Harbi yıllarında Osmanlı hilafet makamının etkisinden hayli endişe duyan Cape Sömürge Hükûmeti ile Britanya İmparatorluğunun yazışmalarını içeren onlarca arşiv belgesi mevcuttur. İşte bu çalışmada daha önce ilim âleminin pek üzerinde durmadığı, ilk defa okuyucuya sunulan yeni arşiv malzemesi ışığında Birinci Cihan Harbi yıllarında Osmanlı - Güney Afrika ilişkilerini ele almaya çalışacağız. Bu deneme de aynı zamanda Güney Afrikanın ilk Osmanlı Konsolosu Mehmed Remzi Beyin faaliyetleri ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarındaki hizmetleri ele alınmaktadır. 1914 yılında Johannesburgda göreve başlayan Mehmed Remzi Bey kısa sürede birçok resmî faaliyette bulunmuş ve özellikle Müslüman gruplar arasında düzenlenen organizasyonlarda bizzat yer almıştır. Ancak Birinci Dünya Savaşının olumsuz etkileri sebebiyle çalışmalarına devam edemediği gibi Büyük Britanya İmparatorluğunun talimatıyla savaş esiri olarak tutuklanmıştır. Mehmed Remzi Beyin 1916 yılında hapiste tutukluyken aniden ölümü, Güney Afrika - Osmanlı Devleti arasındaki ilişkilerin sonunu getirmiştir. Tüm bu tarihî meseleler gerek Güney Afrika Devlet Arşivinden elde edilen belgelerle gerekse Osmanlı arşiv kaynakları ışığında ve Mehmed Remzi Beyin Meksikada yaşayan torunu Helene Remzi Bey Hanımın aile arşiviyle gün ışığına çıkarılmaya çalışılmaktadır.

THE OTTOMANS IN SOUTH AFRICA DURING THE FIRST WORLD WARTravelling Through The Mental Borders Of The Ottoman Empire

This study aims to examine the concerns of the colonialist administrators due to the influence of the Ottoman Caliphate in the British colonial South Africa caused by the Ottoman ulama (Muslim scholars) during the First World War, in the light of the archival documents. The British Empire, which acted cautiously in all her colonies due to the impact of the caliphate on the Muslim population, was one of the three colonial powers of the Entente Powers in the First World War. The Ottoman ulama tried to enlighten the local people in various parts of Africa through scholarly activities in order to serve Islam. Concerning the activities of the Ottoman ulama, there are numerous archival documents involving the correspondence between the British Empire and the Colonial Cape Government that was worried about the influence of the Ottoman caliphate during the First World War. This study tries to analyze the relations between the Ottoman Empire and South Africa during the First World War in the light of the archival documents that have not been studied before by academicians; in other words that are presented to the use of readers for the first time. This paper also deals with the activities of Mehmed Remzi Bey, the first Ottoman consul-general in South Africa, and his services during the First World War. Starting to work in Johannesburg in 1914, Mehmed Remzi Bey executed many official tasks in a short time, and personally participated in especially the organizations of the Muslim groups. However, due to the negative impacts of the First World War, he could not continue his office and was taken as a prisoner of war upon the order of the British Empire. Mehmed Remzi Bey s sudden death inprison in 1916 brought the relations between South Africa and the Ottoman Empire to an end.All these historical facts will be revealed in view of the documents obtained from the SouthAfrican National Archives and the Ottoman Archiv es in Istanbul, and with the help of familyarchives of Helene Remzi Bey Hanım, granddaughter of Mehmed Remzi Bey living in Mexico.

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