Küresel Değer Zincirleri İle Uluslararası Rekabet Gücü Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi

Küresel değer zincirlerinin önemi, artan bilgi iletişim teknolojisi ve gelişen altyapı ile ülkeler için üst seviyelere çıkmıştır. Küresel değer zincirlerine katılım ve bu katılımdan elde edilen değerlerin ülkelere katkıları sürdürülebilir gelişim, büyüme, refah artışı ve uluslararası rekabet gücünü elde etmek olarak ifade edilmektedir. Uluslararası rekabetin daha da artması ve küresel ticaretin küresel değer zincir ticaretine doğru kayması ile bu iki önemli konunun beraber irdelenmesi gerekliliği gözlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla yapılan bu çalışmada küresel değer zincirleri ile rekabet gücü arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada analiz için 2007-2015 yılları arasında 51 ülkeye ait veri kullanılmıştır. Analizde kullanılan değişkenler OECD, Dünya Bankası ve Dünya Ekonomik Forum veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Ülkelerin küresel değer zincirlerine katılımları geriye doğru katılım ve ileriye doğru katılım olarak 2 ayrı değişken ile ele alınmış olup, uluslararası rekabet gücü ile olan nedensellik ilişkilerinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Panel eşbütünleşme testleri, panel var testleri ve panel nedensellik testleri sonuçlarına göre, küresel değer zincirlerine geriye doğru katılım ile uluslararası rekabet gücü arasında nedensellik ilişkisi yokken, küresel değer zincirlerine ileriye doğru katılımdan uluslararası rekabet gücüne tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu gözlenmiştir.

The Causality Relationship Between Global Value Chains and International Competitiveness

The importance of global value chains, increasing information communication technology and developing infrastructure have reached higher levels for countries. Participation in global value chains and the contribution of values obtained from this participation to countries are expressed as achieving sustainable development, growth, prosperity and international competitiveness. The need for these two important issues to be addressed together was observed as the international competition increased and global trade shifted towards global value chains trade. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the causal relationship between global value chains and competitiveness. In the study, data from 51 countries were used between 2007 and 2015 for analysis. The variables used in the analysis were obtained from the OECD, World Bank and World Economic Forum database. Participation of countries in global value chains is handled with 2 different variables as backward participation and forward participation, and it is aimed to analyze causality relations with international competitiveness. According to the results of panel cointegration tests, panel var tests and panel causality tests, it has been observed that there is a one-way causality relationship from forward participation to international competitiveness.

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