POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY GEOMORPHOLOGICAL UNITS IN YALOVA

Bu çalışmada, Marmara Denizi'nin doğusunda yer alan Yalova şehrindeki jeomorfolojik birimler ile nüfusun dağılışı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışmayı gerçekleştirmek için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) teknikleri ile 0,45 cm çözünürlükteki renkli sayısal ortofotolardan ve TÜİK'nun verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada mevcut yerleşim alanları, kurulmuş oldukları jeomorfolojik birimler tespit edilerek gruplandırılmıştır. TÜİK'den elde edilen nüfus verileri ise jeoloji ve jeomorfoloji haritaları ile karşılaştırılarak günümüzdeki nüfusunun % 86 (183689)'sının ova vadi tabanlarında, % 11 (23496)'inin ise platoluk sahalarda yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, her ne kadar platolarla ova ve vadi tabanları beşeri aktiviteler yönüyle uygun sahalar olarak görülseler de bazı jeomorfolojik kaynaklı problemlerle (deprem, sel, taşkın vb.) karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu problemlerin etkileri yakın geçmişte görüldüğü gibi günümüzde de zaman zaman hissedilmeye devam etmektedir. Bu nedenle şehir alanını etkileyen doğal risk faktörleri ve etkileri hakkında daha detaylı çalışmaların yapılması, yerleşime yeni açılacak alanlarda zemin özelliklerinin detaylı çalışmalarla ortaya konulması gerekmektedir.

YALOVA'DA NÜFUSUN JEOMORFOLOJİK BİRİMLERE GÖRE DAĞILIŞI

The relationship between geomorphological units in Yalova province located in the east of the Sea of Marmara and the distribution of population was examined in this study. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) techniques, color digital orthophotos and data from TSI (Turkey Statistical Institute) were used in order to perform the study. The current areas of settlement in the study were grouped by identifying the geomorphological units which they have been established upon. Population data obtained from TSI (Turkey Statistical Institute) were arranged by comparing them with geological and geomorphological maps. According to this, 86% (183689) of the present population of Yalova province was determined to live in the flat valley bases, while 11% (23496) of it was determined to live in plateau areas. However, some geomorphological problems (earthquakes, floods etc.) can also be encountered although plateaus and valley bases may seem to be appropriate places for human activities. As seen in the recent past, the effects of these problems continue to be felt today from time to time. Therefore, it is necessary to perform detailed studies on the natural risk factors and their effects that influence province areas and to reveal the soil properties of the new residential areas to be opened for settlement in comprehensive studies.

PDF

___

AKARTUNA, M. “Geology of the Armutlu Peninsula. Istanbul University. Faculity of Science”, Monographs, 20 (1968), pp. 105.
ALPAR, B. “Being Requested Shipyard Region, Seismic Assessment of the Yalova-Altınova Coasts”, Earthquake Symposium, 23-25 March, 2005, Kocaeli-Turkey.
ALPAR, B., GÜNEYSU, C. “ Evolution of the Hersek Delta (Izmit Bay)”. Turkish Journal Marine Sciences 5(1999), pp. 57-74.
ARDEL, A. “Armutlu Peninsula (Geological and Morphological Studies)”, Turkish Journal of Geography, 11–12(1949), pp. 35–78.
ARPAT, E. “Outside of Main Fault Broken that has Occurred Causes of Deformation in 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake”, Earthquake Symposium, 23-25 March, 2005, Kocaeli-Turkey.
ATALAY, İ. General Human and Economic Geography. 5. Edition, Meta Publishing, Izmir, 2011.
ATASOY, A., ÖZŞAHİN, E. (2012). “Population Distribution wiht Regard to the Geomorphological Units in Hatay”, UJES 2012, III. Geomorphology Symposium Proceeding Book, pp. 259-266.
BAHADIR, M. (2007). “The Determınatıon of Land-Use in Yalova Province By Using Remote Sensıng Techniques”, Master Thesis, Kocatepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, Afyonkarahisar-Turkey.
BALCI AKOVA, S. “Population in the Eastern Mediterranean Coasts”. Çantay Bookstore, İstanbul-Turkey, 2009.
BİLGİN T. “Samanlı Mountains Geographical Survey” Istanbul University, Faculty of Arts and Science Publication, No: 1294, Institute of Geography Publication No: 50, Istanbul-Turkey, 1967.
SIS (State Institute of Statistics), Population Census Results (1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1997, 2000), Ankara-Turkey
KURT, S. (2013). “Geomorfhology of the South of the Marmara Sea Coasts”. PhD. Thesis, Istanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul-Turkey.
MERİÇ, E., AVŞAR, N., NAZİK, A. “About the Quaternary of Northern Part of Armutlu Peninsula (Yalova-Karamürsel)”, Istanbul University, Faculity of Engineering, Journal of Geosciences, 12(1999), pp. 1-7.
OLCAY, G. (2012). Yalova Nature Tourism Master Plan. Water and Forestry Ministry, Provincial Regional Office, Yalova Department Directorate, Yalova-Turkey
ÖZDEMİR A., M., BAHADIR, M. “An Important Area of Building Greenhouse in Turkey: Yalova Province”, Journal of Geographical Sciences, 5(2007), pp. 17-36.
ŞAHİN, M., TARİ, E. “The August 17 Kocaeli And The November 12 Duzce Earthquakes in Turke”, Earth Planets Space, 52(2000), pp. 753–757.
TERCAN, B. (2005). “Relocating Process Earthquake in Yalova”, Earthquake Symposium, 23-25 March, 2005, Kocaeli-Turkey.
TUNÇ, B., ÇAKA, D., IRMAK, S., TUNÇ, S., WOITH, H., BARIŞ, Ş., ÖZER, M., F., LUHR, B., GUNTHER, E., GROSSER, H., ZSCHAU, J. (2011). “Armutlu Seismic Network (Arnet) and Armutlu-Yalova-Gemlik Environmental Tectonic Features”, 1st Turkey Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Conference, 11-14 October, 2011, Middle East Technical University, Ankara-Turkey.
TSI (Turkey Statistical Institute), (2012). Population Data, http://www.tuik.gov.tr, Access Date: 5 December, 2013.
YALOVA PROVİNCİAL SPECİAL ADMİNİSTRATİON, http://www.yalovaozelidare.gov.tr/, Access Date: 5 December, 2013.
YILDIZ, E. (2006). “Oren River (Elazığ) Basin of Human and Economic Geography”, Phd Thesis, Fırat University, Institute of Social Sciences, Elazığ-Turkey.
YÜKSEL, Y., ÖZMEN, H., ÇEVİK, E., ÖZGÜVEN, O., ÇELİKOĞLU, Y., BOSTAN, T., GÜRER, S., GÖKOĞLU, F. (2000). “Effects of the Gulf Region on Marine Structures of the Eastern Marmara Sea Earthquake”, 3rd National Coastal Engineering Symposium, 5-6- 7 October, 2000, Çanakkale-Turkey.
ZARİF, İ., H., ÖZÇEP, F., SEYYAR, T. (2004). “Lıquefactıon Hazard Analysıs of Aluvıonal Soils ın Yalova”, Turkey. 16th International Geophysical Congress, 241-245, Ankara-Turkey