Badakhshan: A familiar Name, an Unfamilier land

Asya'nın günümüzdeki haritalarında bugün Panj (Peyanj) nehri olarak bilinen Amu Derya’nın iki tarafında, biri Afganistan, diğeri de Tacikistan sınırları dâhilinde her ikisine de Bedahşan denilen iki büyük vilayet vardır. Ancak bu tarihî Bedahşan, siyasî bölünmelerin bir sonucu olarak kendi bütünlüğünü kaybetmiş görünüyor. Öyleyse bu durum nasıl ortaya çıkmıştır? Bu iki büyük vilayet daima Bedahşan olarak mı anılmıştır? Bedahşan adı, başka bir araziyi kastetmek niyetiyle genişletilerek kullanılmış mıdır? Böyle bir genişletme mevcut ise, bu ne zaman olmuştur? Tarihî Bedahşan’ın sınırları nerededir? Bugün Bedahşan olarak bilinen arazi parçası tarihî Bedahşan’ın parçası değilse, o zaman buranın adı nedir? Bu yazının amacı, saha çalışmaları yaparak ve kitaplar, tarihî haritalar ve gezi notları kullanarak yukarıdaki sorulara cevap vermeye çalışmaktır.

Bedahşan: Tanıdık bir isim, yabancı bir Memleket

On the two sides of the Oxus, known today as the Panj (Peyanj) River, on the present maps of Asia, there are two large provinces both called Badakhshan, one in Afghanistan, one in Tajikistan. The historical Badakhshan seems to have lost its integrity as a result of political divisions. But is that the case? Has the two large provinces always been referred to as Badakhshan? If the name of Badakhshan has been extended to refer to another land, when was this extension made? Where are the borders of the historical Badakhshan? If part of the land known today as Badakhshan was not part of the historical Badakhshan, what was it named then? The purpose of this paper is to provide answers to the above questions using field studies, and reference books, historical maps and travelogues.

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