ÇALIŞMA YAŞAMINDA DUYGUSAL EMEĞİN YERİ VE DEĞERİ ÜZERİNE KURAMSAL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Çalışanların fiziksel ve bilişsel emeğinin yanı sıra duygusal emeğinin olması da doğaldır. Duygusal emeğe ilişkin doğru bir kuramsal yapı oluşturulmadığında duygusal emek, çalışan için riskli bir kavram haline dönüşmektedir. Örgüt tarafından beklenen duygusal çabalar, çalışanın psikolojisi ve performansı üzerinde olumsuz sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Yani emek adı altında emeğin kendisiyle ve etik değerlerle çelişen duygusal çabalar duygusal emek olarak adlandırılabilmektedir. Bu araştırma duygusal emeğe ilişkin yeni bir bakış açısı geliştirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Duygusal emek çalışanın işini yaparken gösterdiği iş etiğine uygun duygusal çabaları olarak tanımlanabilir. Çalışırken duyguların sunumu esnasında oluşan duygusal çabalar ile gerçek duyguların oluşmasına yönelik duygusal çabalar iş etiğine uygunsa duygusal emektir. Duyguların sunumu yoluyla yaratılan değer, etik değerlerle örtüşüyorsa duygusal emeğin göstergesidir. Bu araştırmada gerçek olmayan ancak öyleymiş gibi görülen yani aslında var olmayan duyguların, duygusal emek olarak kabul edilmesine karşı çıkılmıştır. Sahte duyguların gösterimine yönelik çaba, duygusal bir çaba değildir ve duygusal emek olarak kabul edilmemelidir. Etik değerlerle örtüşen duygusal çabalar, duygusal emektir. İş etiği kişinin duygusal çabalarının, etik değerlere uygun olması için rehberlik görevi görür.

A THEORETICAL STUDY ABOUT THE PLACE AND VALUE OF EMOTIONAL LABOR IN WORKING LIFE

It is natural that employees can have emotional effort as well as physical and cognitive effort. When a right theoretical structure has not been created about emotional labor, it is transformed into a risky concept for employees. The expected emotional efforts from the employees by the organization, can lead to negative consequences on the employee's psychology and performance. In this sense, emotional efforts which conflict with labor itself and ethical values can be called under the name of emotional labor. This research aimed to develop a new perspective on emotional labor. Emotional labor can be defined as the emotional efforts and spontaneous emotions of the employees in accordance with ethical values while they are working. Emotional labour is the emotional efforts which are formed during the presentation of feelings and for forming genuine emotions while working in each case they should be proper to business ethics. The surplus value created through the presentation of emotions is an indicator of emotional labor. According to this research, the emotions which are not genuine and spontaneous but seem like that are not actually exist and cannot be accepted as emotional labor. Efforts for the fake emotions to display cannot be considered as emotional effort and emotional labour. The emotional efforts which are not compliance with ethical values shouldn't be accepted as emotional labor. Business ethics guide employees to compliance their emotional efforts with ethical values.

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