MEDİHA KORKMAZ, AHMET BİLDİREN, Nagehan DEMİRAL, DUYGU GÜNGÖR CULHA

TONI-3 Sözel Olmayan Zeka Testinin 6-11 yaş örneklemi norm ve standardizasyon çalışması

Amaç: TONI-3 (Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-TONI-3) 6-89 yaşları arasında, genel zihinsel yeteneğin değerlendirilmesinde sözel olmayan bir zeka ölçümünü yapar ve dilden bağımsız olma özelliğine sahiptir. Bu araştırmada TONI-3’ün 6-11 yaş Türk çocuk örnekleminde standardizasyon ve norm çalışması yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma farklı sosyoekonomik düzeylerde tabakalı örneklemeyle seçilen İzmir ili devlet ilkokullarında yapılmıştır. Örneklem 320 kız ve 311 erkek öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem altışar aylık yaş dönemlerine ayrılarak 72-132 ay-yaş aralıklarında 10 grup üzerinden toplanmıştır. Örnekleme TONI-3 A ve B paralel formu, Raven Progresif Matrisler Testi (RSPM), Wecshler Çocuklar için Zeka Ölçeğinin Küplerle Desen, Parça Birleştirme, Benzerlikler ve Kelime alt testleri ve Stroop Testi TBAG formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Kuder-Richardson -20 iç tutarlılık güvenilirlik katsayısı TONI-3’ün A formu için 0.86-0.95, B Formu için 0.90-0.93 arasında bulunmuştur. A ve B paralel form güvenilirlik katsayısı 0.80, 30 gün ara ile uygulanan test-tekrar test güvenilirlik katsayısı A form için 0.65, B Formu için 0.70’tir. Ölçüt ilişkili geçerlilik kapsamında RSPM testi ile TONI-3 A formu 0.79, B formu 0.82 derecesinde ilişkili bulunmuştur. Diğer ölçüt ilişkili geçerlilik korelasyonları şöyledir: Akademik başarı ve TONI-3 A formu arasında 0.52, B formu arasında 0.49; Wecshler Çocuklar için Zeka Ölçeği alt testlerinden Parça Birleştirme ile TONI-3 A formu arasında 0.31, B formu arasında 0.38; Küplerle Desen ile TONI-3 A formu arasında 0.47, B formu arasında 0.51; Benzerlikler ile TONI-3 A formu arasında 0.47, B formu arasında 0.57 korelasyon değerleri bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bulgular, TONI3’ün psikometrik olarak genel zihinsel yeteneği ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir soyut yargılama testi olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

The standardization and norm study of TONI-3-Test of Nonverbal Intelligence in 6-11 age children sample

Objective: This is a standardization and norm study of Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-3 (TONI-3) in 6-11 age Turkish children sample. TONI-3 was developed to asses general non-verbal mental ability of 6 to 89 age people thus it is independent of language. TONI-3 has two parallel forms (Form A, Form B), both including 45-test items. Methods: Participants were selected by stratified sampling method from schools, which have different socioeconomic levels. The participants were 631 elementary school students. Of 631, 320 were girl, 311 were boy between the ages of 72-132 months. Analyses were done for 10 age groups, each 6-month interval. Results: Internal-consistency reliability coefficient Kuder Richardson-20 was found between the range of 0.86 and 0.95 for Form A, 0.90, and 0.93 for Form B. The parallel forms reliability coefficient was found 0.80 for all age groups. Test-retest reliability coefficient was calculated from data collected with time lapse of 30 days and found 0.65 for Form A and, 0.70 for Form B. Criterion-related validity was inspected by correlating TONI-3 with Raven Progressive Matrices Test and the results were 0.79 for Form A and 0.82 for Form B. Other criterion-related validity results were, between academic success and TONI-3 0.52 for Form A 0.49 for Form B; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-R Block Design subtest and TONI-3 0.47 for Form A, 0.51 for Form B. Conclusion: TONI-3 was found reliable and valid for Turkish children age of between 6-11.

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