ANIL GÜNDÜZ, Alisan Burak YASAR, İBRAHİM GÜNDOĞMUŞ, Canan SAVRAN, Emre KONUK

Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun güvenilirliğinin çalışılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Davranış Bilimleri Enstitüsü’ne psikoterapi amacıyla ardışık başvuran, alkol ve madde kötüye kullanımı olmayan, zeka geriliği olmayan, organik mental bozukluğu olmayan, 18-65 yaşları arasında 50 hasta alınmıştır. Katılımcılardan Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği Türkçe Formu (ÇÇOYÖ) ve Semptom Değerlendirme Ölçeği-45’i (SDÖ-45) doldurmaları istenmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede madde-toplam puan bağıntı katsayıları, iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve diğer ölçeklerle korelasyon değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: ÇÇOYÖ’nün çeviriler sonunda görüş birliğiyle ölçek metni elde edilmiştir. Ana bileşenler yöntemi sonucunda tek bileşenli faktör elde edilmiştir. ÇÇOYÖ ve SDÖ-45 alt bileşenleri arasındaki korelasyonlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin toplam puanının Cronbach alfa değeri 0.742 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Tüm bu bulgular Türkçeye kazandırılan ÇÇOYÖ’nün güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracı olduğunu desteklemektedir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2018; 19(Özel sayı.1):68-75)

Adverse Childhood Events Turkish Form: validity and reliability study

Objective: Aim of this study is to demonstrate the reliability and validity of Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) Questionnaire. Methods: This research was carried out with 50 patients who consulted in Davranış Bilimleri Enstitüsü. The participants were aged between 18 and 65 years with no current alcohol and substance abuse, no mental retardation, no organic mental disorder. Participants were assessed with the socio-demographic data form, the Adverse Childhood Experience Turkish Form (ACE-TR) and the Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire (SA-45). On the statistical analysis, item-total score correlation coefficients, internal consistency coefficient and correlation values with other scales were calculated. Results: The mean age of the study population was 33.77±13.24 years and 48% (n=24) of the sample group were female and 52% (n=26) were males. The Cronbach's alpha value of the total score of the scale was 0.742, which indicates that it has a consistency reliability of 74%. The single component solution was obtained as the result of the principal components analysis. Correlations between ACE-TR and SA-45 sub-components were statistically significant. Conclusion: Results demonstrated that the Adverse Childhood Experience Turkish Form (ACE-TR) was a valid and reliable instrument, which may serve as a screening tool for childhood trauma in large populations.

PDF

___

Briere J, Elliott DM. Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women. Child Abuse & Neglect 2003; 27:1205-1222.

Silverman AB, Reinherz HZ, Giaconia RM. The long-term sequelae of child and adolescent abuse: A longitudinal community study. Child Abuse & Neglect 1996; 20:709-723.

Anda RF, Croft JB, Felitti VJ, Nordenberg D, Giles WH, Williamson DF, et al. Adverse childhood experiences and smoking during adolescence and adulthood. JAMA 1999; 282:1652-1658.

Anda B, Dreiem H, Sjøberg DI, Jørgensen M, Estimating software development effort based on use cases-experiences from industry. International Conference on the Unified Modeling Language, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2001, p.487-502.

Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Croft JB, Edwards VJ, Giles WH. Growing up with parental alcohol abuse: exposure to childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Child Abuse & Neglect 2001; 25:1627-1640.

Dube SR, Felitti VJ, Dong M, Chapman DP, Giles WH, Anda RF. Childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction and the risk of illicit drug use: the adverse childhood experiences study. Pediatrics 2003; 111:564-572.

Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Chapman DP, Williamson DF, Giles WH. Childhood abuse, household dysfunction, and the risk of attempted suicide throughout the life span: findings from the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study. JAMA 2001; 286:3089-3096.

Widom CS. Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156:1223-1229.

Anda RF, Whitfield CL, Felitti VJ, Chapman D, Edwards VJ, Dube SR, et al. Adverse childhood experiences, alcoholic parents, and later risk of alcoholism and depression. Psychiatr Serv 2002; 53:1001-1009.

Chapman DP, Whitfield CL, Felitti VJ, Dube SR, Edwards VJ, Anda RF. Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood. J Affect Disord 2004; 82:217-225.

Edwards VJ, Holden GW, Felitti VJ, Anda RF. Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study. The Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:1453-1460.

Chu JA, Dill DL. Dissociative symptoms in relation to childhood physical and sexual abuse. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147:887-892.

Draper B, Pfaff JJ, Pirkis J, Snowdon J, Lautenschlager NT, Wilson I, et al. Long‐term effects of childhood abuse on the quality of life and health of older people: results from the Depression and Early Prevention of Suicide in General Practice Project. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56:262-271.

Wainwright N, Surtees P. Childhood adversity, gender and depression over the life-course. J Affect Disord 2002; 72:33-44.

Wilson DR. Health consequences of childhood sexual abuse. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2010; 46:56-64.

Herman JL, Perry C, Van der Kolk BA. Childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146:490-495.

Jaffee SR, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Taylor A. Physical maltreatment victim to antisocial child: evidence of an environmentally mediated process. J Abnorm Psychol 2004; 113:44-55.

Dong M, Giles WH, Felitti VJ, Dube SR, Williams JE, Chapman DP, et al. Insights into causal pathways for ischemic heart disease: adverse childhood experiences study. Circulation 2004; 110:1761-1766.

Anda RF, Brown DW, Dube SR, Bremner JD, Felitti VJ, Giles WH. Adverse childhood experiences and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. Am J Prev Med 2008; 34:396-403.

Dube SR, Fairweather D, Pearson WS, Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Croft JB. Cumulative childhood stress and autoimmune diseases in adults. Psychosom Med 2009; 71:243-250.

Brown DW, Anda RF, Tiemeier H, Felitti VJ, Edwards VJ, Croft JB, Giles WH. Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of premature mortality. Am J Prev Med 2009; 37:389-396.

Bowlby J. Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1982; 52:664- 678.

Hazan C, Shaver P. Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. J Pers Soc Psychol 1987; 52:511-524.

Hill TD, Kaplan LM, French MT, Johnson RJ. Victimization in early life and mental health in adulthood: An examination of the mediating and moderating influences of psychosocial resources. J Health Soc Behav 2010; 51:48-63.

Suomi SJ, Van der Horst FC, Van der Veer R. Rigorous experiments on monkey love: An account of Harry F. Harlow’s role in the history of attachment theory. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2008; 42:354-369.

Hill DB, Menvielle E, Sica KM, Johnson A. An affirmative intervention for families with gender variant children: Parental ratings of child mental health and gender. J Sex Marital Ther 2010; 36:6- 23.

Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med 1998; 14:245-258.

Grove SK, Burns N, Gray J. Measurement concepts. The Practice of Nursing Research: Appraisal, Synthesis, and Generation of Evidence, Missouri: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012, p.382-410.

Sosyal ŞH, Güvenilirlik DÖ. Geçerlilik. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2005, p.384-386.

Maruish ME, Bershadsky B, Goldstein L. Reliability and validity of the SA-45: Further evidence from a primary care setting. Assessment 1998; 5:407-419.

Avcu G. Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (SA-45®) Sorun Tarama Ölçeği’nin Türkiye Koşullarına Uygun Dilsel Eşdeğerlilik, Geçerlik, Güvenirlik ve Norm Çalışması. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, Marmara Üniversitesi, 2006.

Büyüköztürk Ş. Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Analizlerinde Kullanılan Bazı İstatistikler. Yirmi dördüncü baskı, Ankara: Pegem Atıf İndeksi, 2017, s.179-194.

Briere J, Kaltman S, Green BL. Accumulated childhood trauma and symptom complexity. J Trauma Stress 2008; 21:223-226.

Davison ML, Bershadsky B, Bieber J, Silversmith D, Maruish ME, Kane RL. Development of a brief, multidimensional, self-report instrument for treatment outcomes assessment in psychiatric settings: Preliminary findings. Assessment 1997; 4:259-276.

Advantage S. Symptom Assessment-45 Questionnaire (SA-45) Technical Manual. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems, 1998.

Heim C, Nemeroff CB. The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49:1023-1039.

Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Lynskey MT. Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorder in young adulthood: II. Psychiatric outcomes of childhood sexual abuse. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996; 35:1365-1374.

Terr LC. Childhood traumas: An outline and overview. Focus 2003; 1:322-334.

Hill J. Childhood trauma and depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2003; 16:3-6.

Waldinger RJ, Schulz MS, Barsky AJ, Ahern DK. Mapping the road from childhood trauma to adult somatization: the role of attachment. Psychosom Med 2006; 68:129-135.