Düzenli Spor Yapanların Covid-19 Pandemi Döneminde Evde Kısıtlı Kalmaları Egzersize Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışlarını Değiştirdi mi?

Çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 pandemisine bağlı olarak geçen zaman süresince takım ve bireysel olarak düzenli spor yapan yetişkinlerde meydana gelen zorunlu sedanter davranışın egzersize yönelik tutum ve davranışlarını değiştirip değiştirmediğini belirlemektir. Çalışma kesitsel yöntemle değerlendirildi. Araştırmaya 18-40 yaş arası 1150 sağlıklı yetişkin katıldı. Katılımcıların 547’si (%47,6) kadın, 603’ü (%52,4) erkekti. Yöntem 5 bölüm ve 49 maddeden oluştu. Birinci bölümde katılımcıların sosyodemografik özellikleri; ikinci bölümde egzersiz değişim aşaması kısa soru formu, üçüncü bölümde egzersiz değişim süreçleri ölçeği, üçüncü bölümde egzersiz öz-etkililik ölçeği, dördüncü bölümde egzersiz karar verme dengesi ölçeği yer aldı. Çalışma, bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiği kurulu tarafından onaylandı. Bulgular incelendiğinde katılımcıların spor yapmak için hemen harekete geçme aşamasında olduğu tespit edildi. Egzersiz öz-etkililik algıları orta derecedeydi. Katılımcılarda egzersiz yapmanın algılanan yararları daha baskındı. Bireysel egzersiz yapanların egzersiz davranış ve değişim süreçleri, öz-etkililik düzeyleri ve karar verme dengeleri takım sporu yapanlara göre daha yüksekti. Katılımcıların egzersiz değişim aşaması ile egzersiz öz-etkililik düzeyleri arasında, egzersiz değişim aşaması ile egzersiz karar verme dengesi arasında, egzersiz öz-etkililik düzeyleri ile egzersiz karar verme dengeleri arasında pozitif yönde ilişki bulundu. Egzersiz değişim aşamasındaki durumları ile Egzersiz değişim süreçleri arasında, Egzersiz değişim aşamaları ile deneyimsel süreçler ve davranışsal süreçler arasında pozitif ilişki vardı. Sonuç olarak kapanmada insanların kendi kendini yeniden değerlendirme fırsatı bulduğunu ve kapanmanın son bulmasıyla egzersizlerini sık sık yapacaklarını göstermektedir. Ancak buna rağmen davranışlarının sık sık değişebildiği ve insanların egzersiz konusunda yardım edici ilişkilerden kaçındığı belirlendi. Daha sağlıklı sonuçlara ulaşabilmek için farklı yöntemlerin dahil edildiği kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Has the Covid-19 Pandemic Period Changed the Exercise Attitudes and Behaviors of Those Who Exercise Regularly?

Considering that Turkey is one of the countries most affected by Covid-19, long stays at home may have changed exercise attitudes and habits. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the self-reported exercise attitudes and behaviors of those who exercise regularly change during quarantine. In the study, 1150 healthy adults residing in Turkey were evaluated using the cross-sectional method. The designed method consists of 5 parts and 49 items. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee (2022-61-05). The first part was used to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, the second part to determine the participants' exercise change phase, the third part to determine the exercise change processes, the fourth part to determine the exercise self-efficacy level, and the fifth part to determine the exercise decision-making balance. When the findings were examined, it was determined that the participants were at the stage of taking action immediately to exercise. Perceptions of exercise self-efficacy were moderate. The perceived benefits of exercising were more dominant. Exercise behavior and change processes, self-efficacy levels and decisionmaking balances of individuals who do individual sports were higher than those who do team sports. A positive correlation was found between the exercise change phase and exercise self-efficacy levels, the exercise change phase and the exercise decision-making balance, and the exercise self-efficacy levels and the exercise decisionmaking balances of the participants. There was a positive correlation between their status in the exercise change phase and their exercise change processes, and the exercise change phases and experiential and behavioralprocesses. The results show that in closure, people have the opportunity to re-evaluate themselves and will exercise frequently once closure ends. However, it was determined that their behavior could change frequently and they avoided helping relationships about exercise. Comprehensive studies involving different methods are needed in order to achieve healthier results.

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