Muhammad AASİM, Ejaz Muhammad UMER, Abdul KARIM

Yield and competition indices of intercropping cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Different planting patterns

Bu çalışmada pamuğa dayalı ekim deseni sisteminde, Pakistan’da yaygın olarak yetiştirilen ve 80 cm ve 120/40 cm’lik sıra aralıklarında NIAB 78 pamuk çeşidi ile börülce ve sorgum beraber ekilerek biyoekonomik etkinliği karşılaştırılmıştır. Alan eşdeğer oranının birlikte ekimde yalın ekime göre % 32-46 oranında avantaj sağladığı görülmüştür. Area time değerlerinin pamuk+börülce ekiminde % 5-13 avantajli, pamuk+sorgum ekiminde ise % 9-23 dezavantajlı olduğu görülmüştür. Agresiviti ve Kompetetif oranı bakımından pamuk diğer bitkilere göre dominant görülmüştür. Ancak diğer bitkiler pamuğa göre asil verim kayıplarında daha dominant görülmüşlerdir. Birlikte ekimdeki AYL değerleri % 32.1 - 116.3 oranında düzelme avantajı göstermiştir. Birlikte ekim avantaj değerleri, (-3.865; -151.035) oranında negatif bulunduğundan ve fiyat değişikliklerinden dolayı amaca uygun olmadığı görülmüştür. Parasal avantaj endeks değerleri bakımından da yine kesin bir verim artışı görülmüştür. Börülce ile birlikte ekimde pamuk verimi düşmüştür ancak, pamuk ile birlikte ekimde 80 ve 120/40 cm’lik sıra aralığı sisteminde bu bitki en uygun görülmüştür. Pakistan’da makineli tarım için yalnızca pamuk ve birlikte ekimin kolay işlenmesinde kolaylık sağladığından dolayı 120/40 cm’lik sıra aralığı 80 cm’lik sıra aralığına göre tavsiye edilmiştir.

Değişik ekim modelleri kullanılarak birlikte ekilen pamuğun (Goossypium hirsutum L.) verim ve rekabet endeksleri

The study reports comparative bioeconomic efficiency of different cotton based intercropping systems using high yielding cotton cv. NIAB 78 of Pakistan in 80 cm spaced rows and 120/40 cm spaced rows with cowpea and sorghum as intercrops. Land equivalent ratio showed 32-46 % advantage over sole cropping in both planting patterns. Values of Area time equivalent ratio showed 5-13 % advantage in cotton+cowpea and 9-23 % disadvantage in cotton+sorghum intercropping. Agressivity and competitive ratio showed dominancy of cotton over intercrops while intercrops were more dominant than cotton in actual yield loss values. Values of AYL showed an advantage of 32.1 % to 116.3 % from intercropping due to recovery made by intercrops. Intercropping advantage values showed intercropping disadvantage (-3.865 to -151.035) from intercropping due to price diffference of the component crop which meant that intercrops failed to compensate. Monetary advantage index values were also positive showing a definite yield advantage. Intercropping with cowpea reduced the yield of cotton, however, it seemed more appropriate for intercropping with cotton in both 80 cm and 120/40 cm spaced rows.. 120/40 cm spaced rows spacing seemed better compared to single row spacing for easy handling of intercrops and sole cotton, therefore, it is recommended for mechanical farming in Pakistan.

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