Kavramsal Entegrasyon Büyüteci Altında Yusuf Franko’nun Karikatürleri

Makalenin amacı, Fauconnier ve Turner tarafından önerilen kavramsal entegrasyon teorisinin, Yusuf Franko Kusa’nın politik karikatürlerinin anlamının inşasını açıklayabilecek mekanizmalarla donatıldığını göstermektir. Bu muhteşem karikatürler, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl Pera döneminin tarihini gözler önüne serer. Siyasi karikatürlerin anlamının açıklanması, mizahi karışımların karakteristik özelliği olan uyumsuzlukla sonuçlanan bir entegrasyon alanının yapısını içerir. Entegrasyondan girdi alanlarına yapılan projeksiyonlar, girdiler içindeki senaryoları vurgulamaktadır ve bunun sonucunda girdi alanı senaryoları farklı bir perspektiften, yani ortaya çıkan yapı içinde oluşturulan çizgi roman etkisinin ışığında görüyoruz

YUSUF FRANKO’S CARICATURES UNDER THE CONCEPTUAL BLENDING MAGNIFYING GLASS

The aim of the paper is to show that conceptual blending theory, proposed by Fauconnier andTurner, is equipped with the mechanisms that can explain the construction of the meaning of Yusuf Franko Kusa’spolitical caricatures. These magnificent cartoons reveal the history of late nineteenth-century Pera. The constructionof the meaning of political caricatures involves the construction of a blended space which results in an incongruitythat is characteristic of humorous blends. Projections from the blend to input spaces highlight the scenarios withininputs, and as a result we view scenarios in the input spaces from a different perspective i.e. in the light of the comiceffect created within the emergent structure.

PDF

___

Bahattin Ö., Youssouf Bey: The Charged Portraits of Fin-de-Siécle Pera, Vehbi Koç Foundation, Istanbul 2016.
Berberović, S. & Delibegović Džanić, N. ‘Političari, dvorske dame i kajgana: Teorija konceptualne integracije i politički humor’, in Brdar, M, Omazić, M., Belaj, B. & Kuna,
B. (eds.), Lingvistika javne komunikacije: Sociokulturni, pragmatički i stilski aspekti, Zagreb/Osijek: HDPL, 2009, pp. 139-53.
Bergen, B. ‘To awaken a sleeping giant: Blending and metaphor in editorial cartoons after September 11’, in Achard, M. & Kemmer, S. (eds.), Language, Culture, and Mind, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 2004, pp. 23-36.
Brandt, L. & Brandt, P.A. ‘Making Sense of a Blend. A Cognitive-Semiotic Approach to Metaphor’, Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 3, 2005, pp. 216-49.
Cameron, L. & Deignan, A., The Emergence of Metaphor in Discourse, Applied Linguistics, 27(4), 2006, pp.671–690.
Coulson, S. & Oakley, T., Blending Basics, Cognitive Linguistics, 11(3-4), 2000, pp. 175-96.
Coulson, S., & Oakley, T., ‘Purple Persuasion: Conceptual Blending and Deliberative Rhetoric’, In J. Luchjenbroers (Ed.), Cognitive Linguistics Investigations: Across Languages, Fields and Philosophical Boundaries, John Benjamins, Amsterdam & Philadelphia 2006, pp. 47- 65.
Coulson, S., & Pascual E., ‘For the Sake of Argument: Mourning the Unborn and Reviving the Dead through Conceptual Blending’. Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 4, 2006, pp. 153-81.
Coulson, S., ‘Conceptual Blending in Thought, Rhetoric, and Ideology’. In G. Kristiansen, M. Achard, R. Dirven, & F. J. Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics: Current Applications and Future Perspectives, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin & New York 2006, pp. 187-210.
Coulson, S., ‘Extemporaneous Blending: Conceptual Integration in Humorous Discourse From Talk Radio’, Style, 39, 2005, pp. 107-22.
Coulson, S., ‘The Menendez Brothers Virus: Analogical Mapping in Blended Spaces’. In A. Goldberg (Ed.), Conceptual Structure, Discourse, and Language, CSLI, Stanford, CA 1996, pp. 67-81.
Coulson, S., ‘What's So Funny: Conceptual Blending in Humorous Examples’, Available at: http://www.cogsci.ucsd.edu/~coulson/funstuff/funny.html, 2002.
Coulson, S., Semantic Leaps: Frame-shifting and Conceptual Blending in Meaning Construction. New York & Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2001.
Dancygier, B. (Ed.),’Special Issue on Conceptual Blending’, Language and Literature, 15(1), 2006.
Dancygier, B., & Sweetser, E. E., Figurative Language, Cambridge University Press, New York 2014.
Delibegović Džanić, N. & Berberović, S. ‘Hot cakes: The use of idioms in political cartoons’, in Jesenšek, V. & Dobrovol’skij, D. (eds.), Phraseology and Culture, Bielsko-Biala, Budapest, Kansas, Maribor; Praha: Zora, 2014, pp. 339-53.
Delibegović Džanić, N. & Omazić, M. ‘Conceptual Blending in Political Cartoons’, in Tomović, N. & Vujić, J. (eds.), English Language and Literature Studies: Image, Identity, Reality, Belgrade: Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, 2011, pp. 51-64.
Fauconnier, G. ‘Mental spaces’. In D. Geeraerts, & H. Cuyckens (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, pp. 351-76.
Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M., ‘Conceptual Integration Networks’, In D. Geeraerts (Ed.), Cognitive Linguistics: Basic Readings (pp. 303-371), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, Reprint of (1998). Conceptual Integration Networks, Cognitive Science, 22(2), 2006, pp. 133-87.
Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M., The Way We Think: Conceptual Blending and the Mind’s Hidden Complexities. Basic Books, New York 2002.
Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M.,‘Compression and Global Insight’. Cognitive Linguistics, 11(3-4), 2000, pp. 283-304.
Fauconnier, G., Mental Spaces, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1985.
Grady, J., Oakley, T., & Coulson, S., ‘Conceptual blending and metaphor’. In R. Gibbs, & G. Steen (Eds.), Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics, John Benjamins, Amsterdam & Philadelphia 1999, pp. 101-24.
Hidalgo-Downing, L.,’Metaphor and Metonymy’, In R.H. Jones (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Language and Creativity, Routledge, London & New York 2016, pp. 107-28.
Hougaard, A., & Oakley, T. (Eds.), Mental Spaces in Discourse and Interaction. John Benjamins, Amsterdam & Philadelphia 2008.
Kyratzis, S. ‘Laughing metaphorically: Metaphor and humour in discourse’. Paper presented at the 8th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference. Logroño, 20-25 July 2003. Available at http://wwwling.arts.kuleuven.ac.be/iclc/Papers/Kyratzis.pdf 2003.
Lundmark, C. ‘Puns and blending: The case of print advertisements’. Paper presented at the 8th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference. Logroño, 20-25 July 2003. Available at http://wwwling.arts.kuleuven.ac.be/iclc/Papers/Lundmark.pdf 2003.
Marín-Arrese, J. I. ‘Humour as ideological struggle: The view from cognitive linguistics’. Paper presented at the 8th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference. Logroño, 20-25 July 2003. Available at http://wwwling.arts.kuleuven.ac.be/iclc/ Papers/JuanaMarinArrese.pdf. 2003.
Oakley, T. & Coulson, S.,’ Connecting the Dots: Mental Spaces and Metaphoric Language in Discourse’, In T. Oakley, & A. Hougaard (Eds.), Mental Spaces in Discourse and Interaction, John Benjamins, Amsterdam & Philadelphia 2008, pp. 27-50.
Oakley, T. & Pascual, E., ‘Conceptual Blending Theory’. In B. Dancygier (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics, Cambridge University Press. Cambridge 2017, pp. 421-48.
Oakley, T., ‘Conceptual integration’., In J.-O. Östman, & J. Verschueren (Eds.), Handbook of Pragmatics, John Benjamins, Amsterdam 2011, vol. 6, pp. 1-25.
Tamari, S., The Great War and the Remaking of Palestine, University of California Press 2017.
Turner, M. & Fauconnier, G, A Mechanism of Creativity. Poetics Today, 20(3), 1999, pp. 297- 418.
Turner, M. & Fauconnier, G, Conceptual Integration and Formal Expression. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 10(3), 1995, pp. 183-204.
Turner, M. & Fauconnier, G. Metaphor, Metonymy, and Binding. In R. Dirven, & R. Pörings (Eds.), ‘Metaphor and metonymy in comparison and contrast’, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin 2003, pp. 469-87.
Turner, M. The origin of ideas: Blending, creativity, and the human spark, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014.
Turner, M., Conceptual Integration. In D. Geeraerts, & H. Cuyckens (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, pp. 377-93.