Kişisel deneyim anlatılarının bağlamsal çerçevesi:Deneyimlenen,hatırlanan ve anlatılan hayat

Kişisel deneyim anlatıları, insanoğlunun kendisini ve kendisi dışındaki dünyayı anladığı ve anlamlandırdığı temel dışavurum biçimleri ve süreçleridir. Bu kapsamlı işlevsellikleri ve değerlerine karşılık kişisel deneyim anlatıları ancak 1970‘lerden sonra akademik çalışmaların odağı haline gel miş ve geleneksel anlatı türleri’nin gösterdikleri özellikler bağlamında kişisel deneyim anlatıları’nın içerik, anlam, yapı, işlev ve icrâ özellikleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu sürecin başlarında, kişisel anlatıların, farklı içerik ve yapı özellikleri dolayısıyla ayrı bir tür olarak tanımlandıkları görülür. Sabit bir içerik ve yapı kriteri koyan metin merkezli tanımlamalar malzemenin çoğunu dışarıda bırakmakla beraber, asıl kriter olan bağlamı da, sabit bir içeriğin ve yapının durumsal olarak değiş mesine neden olan bir çerçeve olarak ele alır. Halbuki, anlatıların içeriğini ve yapısını belirleyen de neyim ve hatıralar, anlatı formuna girmeden önce de bağlamsal değişkenlere göre yapılandırılırlar. Dolayısyla, kişisel anlatılar, durumsal ve durumu çok boyutlu olarak etkileyen bir bağlam içindeki anlam ve işlevin doğrudan kendisidir. Onları ayrı bir tür haline getiren, belirli bir bağlamın hare kete geçirdiği ve onun ortaya çıkardığı anlam ve işleve paralel belirli bir içeriğin, yapının ve icranın ortaya çıkma mekanizmasıdır. Kişisel deneyim anlatılarının bağlamsal olarak belirlenen stratejik birer yeniden yapılandırma eylemleri, süreçleri ve olayları olduklarını vurgulayan bu makalede, söz konusu anlatıların tür olarak tanımlanmasında ileri sürülen görüşler sorgulayıcı bir yaklaşımla değerlendirilerek bu anlatıların içerdiği temel kavramlar bütüncül bir çerçevede ele alınmıştır.

Contextual frame of personal experience narratives: Experienced, remembered and narrated life

Personal experience narratives are the basic expressive forms and processes in which human beings understand and make sense of themselves and the world they live in. Despite their extensive functionality and importance, these narratives have become the focus of academic studies since the 1970s. In this process, thematic, semantic, structural and performative qualities of personal expe rience narratives have been defined in the frame of characteristics of traditional narrative genres. Early in the process of identification, personal narratives have been defined as a separate genre due to their distinctive content and structure. Text-centered definitions based on the criterion of the fixed content and structure not only excluding most of the narratives but also regarding the context as a frame causing situational changes in the fixed content and structure. Whereas, experiences and memories that determine the content and structure of narratives have been constructued in the fra me of the contextual variables before being narrated. Therefore, personal narrative is the meaning and the function itself emerging in the situational and socio-cultural context and is the mechanism of emergence of the specific content, structure and performance compatible with the meaning and function determined by the context. By evaluating the prevailing approaches to defining personal ex perience narratives, this paper examines the basic and controversial concepts of personal narratives. The objective of this paper is to provide an interpretive and contextual frame to define and analyze the personal experience narratives as strategic reconstructing actions, events and processes which are determined by situational and socio-cultural contexts.

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