Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Ebeveynlerin Duygusal Sağırlık ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışma, engelli ve normal gelişim gösteren çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin “duygusal sağırlık” özellikleri ve “psikolojik iyi oluşları” arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2017 bahar döneminde Anadolu Üniversitesi Engelliler Araştırma Enstitüsü’nde eğitimlerine devam eden engelli çocukların 161 ebeveyni ve Eskişehir’de anasınıfına devam eden normal gelişim gösteren çocukların 165 ebeveyni olmak üzere 326 anne-baba oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAÖ-20) ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (Flourishing Scale-PİOÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde frekans ve yüzdelik değerleri, tek yönlü MANOVA ve pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda duygusal sağırlık yaygınlığı engelli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerde normal gelişim gösteren çocuğa sahip ebeveynlere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bunun yanında, engelli ve normal gelişim gösteren çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin duygularını tanımada zorluk (F=18.611, p˂.05, η2=.054) ve duygularını ifade etmede zorluk (F=19.249, p˂.05, η2=.056) duygusal sağırlık özellikleri ve psikolojik iyi oluşları (F=7.779, p˂.05, η2=.023) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Ancak bu iki grup arasında, dışsal odaklı düşünce duygusal sağırlık özelliği arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca, engelli ve normal çocuğa sahip annelerin duygusal sağırlık özellikleri yükselirken psikolojik iyi oluşlarının azaldığı bulunmuş, babalarda ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenmemiştir. Engelli çocuğa sahip ebeveynler, karşılaştıkları psikolojik zorlanmalar nedeniyle duygusal sağırlık özellikleri gösterebileceği ve psikolojik iyi oluşlarının düşebileceği söylenebilir.

An Investigation of the Alexithymia Levels and the Flourishing Levels of Parents with Disabled Children

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the alexithymia levels and the flourishing levels of parents having children with a normal development and of those having disabled children. The study group consists of 326 parents. Of the participants, 161 were parents of disabled children attending Anadolu University Research Institute for Individuals with Disabilities in the spring semester of 2017 and 165 were parents of children with a normal development attending nursery classes of schools affiliated with the Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Education. The research data were collected through personal information form, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Flourishing Scale (FS). The data were analyzed based on frequency and percentage values, one-way MANOVA, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient statistics. The analysis results indicate that alexithymia is more common among the parents of disabled children compared to the parents of children with a normal development. In addition, significant differences were found between the parents of disabled children and the parents of children with a normal development in terms of the “difficulty identifying feelings” (F=18.611, p˂.05, η2=.054) and “difficulty describing feelings” (F=19.249, p˂.05, η2=.056) sub-dimensions of TAS-20 and flourishing (F=7.779, p˂.05, η2=.023). However, no significant difference was determined between the two groups in terms of the “externally oriented thinking” sub-dimension. Moreover, it was found out that while the mothers having both disabled and healthy children have increased alexithymia and decreased flourishing, no statistically significant relationship was detected between them for the fathers having both disabled and healthy children. It can be said that due to the psychological problems experienced, the parents having disabled children may display alexithymic characteristics and have less flourishing.

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