Bazı tıbbi bitki ve baharatların gıda patojenleri üzerine antibakteriyel etkisinin araştırılması

Bu çalışmada, laktik asit, sitrik asit, salisilik asit ve sorbik asit ile karşılaştırmalı olarak, 26 çeşit bitkinin su ekstrak-tmın, £ coli O1 57:H7, L. monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica ve S. aureus suşlarına karşı in vitro etkinlikleri araştırılmıştır. Test edilen tüm asit solüsyonlarının Y. enterocolitica ve 5. a^/reussuşlarını inaktive ettiği, ancak sorbik asidin £ co//O157:H7 ve L. monocytogenes'i yalnızca sayıca indirgediği saptanmıştır. İncelenen tüm bitki ekstraktları S. aureus üzerine inhibitörik etki göstermiştir. £ co//O157:H7, kuşburnu, ağaç hatmi, sumak, kekik, karanfil, oğulotu, günlük, yeşil çay, ıhlamur, yasemin, siyah çay ve papatyadan, L. monocytogenes ise kuşburnu, ağaç hatmi, sumak, kekik, karanfil, oğulotu, günlük, aspir, siyah çay, yasemin, hazanbel, meyan kökü, adaçayı, kişniş, rezene, zencefil, karabaş otu, ısırgan ve naneden etkilenmiştir. Papatya, meyan kökü ve adaçayı dışındaki tüm ekstraktlar Y. enterocolitica üzerine değişen derecelerde inhibitörik etki göstermiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, etkin ekstraktların gıda koruma alanında kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

antibakteriyel özellikler, gıda hijyeni, gıda koruyucuları, gıda güvenirliği, bitki çayları, tıbbi bitkiler, bitki özütü, baharat bitkileri

Investigation of antibacterial effects of some medicinal plants and spices on food pathogens

In this study, in vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of the water extracts of 26 plants on £ co//O157:H7, L monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica and 5. aureus was investigated comparatively with that of lactic, citric, salicylic and sorbic acid. While all of the tested acid solutions inactivated Y. enterocolitica and S. aureus completely, sorbic acid just only reduced the counts of £ col/'OI 57:H7 and L. monocytogenes. The growth of S. aureus inhibited by all the plant extracts. £ coliQ\ 57:H7 strains were affected by extracts of dog rose, hibiscus, sumach, thyme, clove, lemon balm, Turkish sweetgum, green tea, lime, jasmine, black tea and daisy. Dog rose, hibiscus, sumach, thyme, clove, lemon balm, Turkish sweetgum, safflower, black tea, jasmine, calamus, licorice root, sage, coriander, fennel, ginger, lavender, nettle and mint also inhibited the growth of L monocytogenes. All of the plant extracts with the exception of daisy, licorice root and sage showed antibacterial activity against Y. enterocolitica at the varying degrees. The findings indicated that the extracts having antimicrobial effect can be used for preservation of food.

Keywords:

antibacterial properties, food hygiene, food preservatives, food safety, herbal teas, medicinal plants, plant extracts, spice plants,

PDF

___

KAYNAKLAR 1. Sağdıç O, Karahan AG, Özcan M, Özkan G: Note: Effect of some spice extracts on bacterial inhibition. Food Sci Tech Int, 9 (5): 353-356, 2003. 2. Sağdıç O, Yaşar S, Kiiıoğlu AN: Antibacterial effects of single or combined plant extracts. Ann Microbiol, 55(1): 67-71,2005. 3. Sağdıç O: Sensitivity of four pathogenic bacteria to Turkish thyme and oregano hydrosols. Lebensm-Wiss u- Technol, 36, 467-473, 2003. 4. Sağdıç O, Kuşçu A, Özcan M, Özçelik S: Effects of Turkish spice extracts at various concentrations on the growth of Escherichia co//O157:H7. Food Microbiol, 19, 473-480,2002. 5. Özkan G, Sağdıç O, Özcan M: Note: Inhibition of pathogenic bacteria by essential oils at different concentrations. Food Sci Tech int, 9 (2): 85-88, 2003. 6. Özkan G, Sağdıç O, Baydar NG, Baydar H: Note: Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Rosa damascena flower extracts. Food Sci Tech Int, 10 (4): 277-281,2004. 7. Özkan G, Sağdıç O, Baydar NG, Kurumahmutoğlu Z: Antibacterial activities and total phenolic contents of grape pomace extracts. J Sci Food Agric, 84, 1807-1811, 2004. 8. Sağdıç O, Özcan M: Antibacterial activity of Turkish spice hydrosols. FoodCont, 14, 141-143, 2003. 9. Baydar NG, Özkan G, Sağdıç O: Total phenolic and antibacterial activities of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) extracts. Food Cont, 15, 335-339, 2004. 10. Moon T, Wilkonson JM, Cavanagh HMA: Antibacterial activity of essential oils, hydrosols and plant extracts from Australian grown Lavandula spp. Int J Aromather, 16, 9- 14,2006. 11. Lin YT, Labbe RG, Shetty K: Inhibition of Lister/a monocytögenes in fish and meat system by use of oregano and cranberry phytochemical synergies. Appl Environ Microbiol, 70 (9): 5672-5678, 2004. 12.Proestos C, Boziaris IS, Nychas G-JE, Komaitis M: Analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Grek aromatic plants: Investigation of their antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. Food Chem, 95, 664-671, 2006. / 13. Nascimento GGF, Locatelli J, Freitas P, Suva GL: Antibacterial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic resistant bacteria. Braz J Microbiol, 31, 247- 256,2000. 14. Abu-Shanab B, Adwan G, Abu-Safiya D, Jarrar N, Adwan K: Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts utilized in popular medicine in paletsine. Turk J Biol, 28, 99-102, 2004.