BARIŞ KAVRAMINA TEORİK YAKLAŞIMLAR VE KÜRESEL YÖNETİŞİM

Bu makalede, uluslararası ilişkiler kuramlarının barış kavramına yaklaşımları incelenmekte, kalıcı barışın tesisinin küresel yönetişim sistemi ile mümkün olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. İdealizm ve Liberalizm geleneğindeki teorik yaklaşımlar kalıcı barışın tesisinin belirli norm ve kuralların devlet düzeyinde ve devletlerarası seviyede yerleşmesine bağlı olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Realizm geleneğindeki teorisyenler uluslararası barışı güç ve çıkar kavramları temelinde ele almakta, ancak sınırlı ve izafi bir barışın gerçekleşebileceğini iddia etmektedir. Marksist çizgideki yapısalcı yaklaşımlar, sürdürülebilir barışın sağlanabilmesini dünyadaki cari kapitalist sistemin yeniden yapılandırılmasına bağlamaktadır. Postyapısalcı bakış açısı ve eleştirel kuram ise pozitivist teorilerin barış anlayışını sorgulasa da uygulanabilir bir barış önerisi geliştirememiştir. Bu çalışma, uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerinin kalıcı barış için sunduğu düzenlemelerin küresel düzeyde işleyebilen bir yönetişim sistemiyle gerçekleşebileceğini ileri sürmekte, etkin bir küresel yönetişimin dünya barışı için gerekli olduğunu savunmaktadır

THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF PEACE AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

This article analyzes the peace approaches of international relations theories and argues that lasting peace is possible through a functioning global governance system. Idealist and Liberalist traditions maintain that lasting peace can be achieved if certain norms and rules are established and consolidated at state and international levels. Realist theorists associate peace concept with power and interest and claim that an international peaceful order might be a reality only in limited periods and based on power and interests of some states. The Marxist approaches stipulate that the present capitalist world economy must be restructured for sustainable peace while Poststructuralist perspective and Critical Theory do not offer an applicable roadmap for lasting peace despite their critical stance on Positivist understanding of peace concept. This study asserts that for sustainable peace at world level a working and influential global governance system should be built and maintained in effect

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