Gelişmekte Olan Piyasalarda İnovasyon ve Girişimciliğin Finansmanı Sorunu ve Alternatif Çözüm Önerileri

Finansal gelişme, ekonomik gelişmenin temel bir parçasıdır. Finansman ve büyüme arasındaki bağlantıyı kurmak için girişimciliğin ve inovasyonun finansmanı kritik öneme sahiptir. Ancak, gelişmekte olan piyasalarda girişimciler ve inovasyonlar için fon bulmada kısıtlar vardır. Çünkü bu ülkelerde, genel olarak, kredi açığı çok yüksek olup, sermaye kaynaklarına ihtiyaç duyan daha fazla sayıda küçük firma yer almaktadır. Bu makale gelişmekte olan piyasalardaki kredi açığının daraltılması için yeni metodolojilere odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, kalkınma sürecinde bankaların rolü ve kredilerin kullanılabilirliğini iyileştirmek için gerekli politika önlemleri, alternatif bir finansman biçimi olarak mikrofinans, geleneksel bankacılıktaki kredi kısıtlarına hitap eden finansal teknolojiler (FinTech) ve oyun değiştirme potansiyeline sahip yeni bir finansal aracılık çeşidi olarak kitlesel fonlama üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca, gelişmekte olan piyasalarda özel sermaye pazarları (girişim sermayesi fonları ve iş melekleri) aracılığı ile yeni girişimler için dışsal finansman sağlanması üzerinde de durulmaktadır.

The Financing Problem of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets and Alternative Solutions

Financial development is an essential part of economic development. Financing of entrepreneurship and innovations is critically important to establish the link between finance and growth. However, there are limitations in finding funds for entrepreneurs and innovations in emerging markets. Because in these countries, in general, there is a larger number of small firms that have a very high credit deficit and need capital resources. This article focuses on new methodologies for narrowing credit gap exposure in emerging markets. In this context, policy measures to improve the role of banks and availability of credits in the development process, microfinance as an alternative form of financing, financial technologies (FinTech) to address credit limitations in the traditional banking and crowdfunding as a new type of financial intermediation will be focused on. In addition, the role of external financing through private equity markets (venture capital and angel business angels) is dealt with.

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