BMMYK’NIN NEZARET ETME YETKİSİ VE İKNA YÖNTEMİNİN ETKİNLİĞİ

BMMYK, mültecilere uluslararası koruma sağlamak ve mülteci sorununa kalıcı çözüm bulmakla sorumludur. Her ikisorumluluğun da devletlerle yakın bir işbirliği gerektirmesi nedeniyle, BMMYK’ya uluslararası mülteci hukukuylailgili belgelerin uygulanmasına nezaret etme yetkisi verilmiştir. Ancak bu yetki, BMMYK’nın bağlayıcı yorumyapabilmesini ve bu yoruma göre tespit edilen devlet ihlallerine karşı yaptırım uygulayabilmesini kapsamamaktadır.Yine de BMMYK, nezaret etme yetkisini yerine getirmesi için gereken unsurlardan yoksun olmasına rağmen, iknayöntemini sıklıkla kullanarak devletlerin iltica politikalarına müdahale etmektedir. Bu çalışma ise BMMYK’nınmüdahalede bulunduğu 10 mahkeme kararını inceleyerek bu ikna yönteminin etkinliğini sorgulamayıamaçlamaktadır.

UNHCR’S SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITY AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSUASION METHOD

UNHCR is responsible for providing international protection and durable solutions to refugees. Since both of the responsibilities require a close cooperation with states, UNHCR is given the the mandate of supervising the applications of internatinal refugee law instruments. However, this mandate does not cover the UNHCR’s capacity of authoritative interpretation and enforcement mechanisms in case of any breach. But still, despite the lack of required factors for the realisation of its supervisory responsibility, UNHCR implements persuasion as a method to intervene into states’ asylum policies. Thus this article seeks to question the effectiveness of this persuasion method by examining 10 court decisions that UNHCR intervened.

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