Gıda Ambalajlamasında Antimikrobiyel Madde İçeren Yenilebilir Filmler/ Kaplamalar ve Uygulamaları

Son yıllarda minimum işlem görmüş, tüketime hazır, kolay hazırlanan gıda ürünlerine olan talebin artması gıda kalite ve güvenliği açısından yeni sorunların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Bu sorunların çözümü için ısıl olmayan prosesler (yüksek hidrostatik basınç, vurgulu elektrik alanı gibi), yeni ambalajlama teknikleri (aktif ambalajlama, modifiye atmosferde ambalajlama gibi) gibi yaklaşımlar üzerinde çalışılmaktadır. Aktif ambalajlama yöntemlerinden biri olan antimikrobiyel ambalajlama, gıdadaki canlı mikroorganizma sayısını azaltarak gıda güvenliğini sağlayan yeni bir ambalajlama sistemidir. Antimikrobiyel madde içeren ambalajlama sistemlerinden yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar; süt ürünleri, et ve et ürünleri, meyve-sebze gibi gıdalara uygulandığında gıdadaki canlı mikroorganizma gelişimini geciktirir veya engeller dolayısıyla gıdanın raf ömrü ve kalitesini artırır. Bu derlemede, film veya kaplama olarak uygulanabilen antimikrobiyel ambalajların üretiminde kullanılan doğal antimikrobiyel maddelerden, yenilebilir polimerlerden ve antimikrobiyel yenilebilir film ve kaplamaların gıda uygulamalarından bahsedilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antimikrobiyel yenilebilir film/kaplama, doğal antimikrobiyel maddeler, gıda uygulamaları

Edible Films/Coatings Containing Antimicrobial Agent and Their Applications in Food Packaging (Turkish with English Abstract)

The increased demands for minimally processed, ready to eat and easily prepared food products pose major challenges for food quality and safety. Researches are focused on new approaches such as non thermal processes (high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field etc.) and new packaging systems (active packaging, modified atmosphere packaging etc.) for the solution of these challenges. Antimicrobial packaging that is one of the active packaging is a new packaging system. Antimicrobial packaging provides food safety to decrease the count of living microorganisms on food. When the edible films and coatings which are the packaging systems containing antimicrobial agents are applied on food products such as milk products, meat and meat product, fruit-vegetable, these packaging systems delay or prevent the growth of microorganisms, thereby increasing the shelf life and quality of foods. In this review, natural antimicrobial agents, edible polymers used in the production of antimicrobial packaging, and food application of antimicrobial edible films and coatings are mentioned.

Keywords:

Antimicrobial edible film/coating, natural antimicrobial agents, food applications. ,

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