İbrahim Ozan TEKELİ, Cemil KÜREKCİ, Mustafa YİPEL

Tavuk Kas Dokularında LC-MS/MS ile Çoklu Antibiyotik Kalıntılarının Taranması

Bu çalışmada, tavuk eti örneklerinde florokinolon (n=10), tetrasiklin (n=4), makrolid (n=3),sülfonamid (n=7), penisilin (n=7), sefalosporin (n=3), amfenikol (n=2) ve trimetoprim (n=1)gruplarını içeren antibiyotik kalıntılarının (n=37) varlığı araştırıldı. Hatay, Adana, Gaziantep, Mersinve Osmaniye illerinde farklı yerel satış noktalarından toplanan örneklerde (göğüs eti, n=25) seçilenantibiyotiklerin konsantrasyon analizleri LC-MS/MS ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmada, test edilennumunelerde tespit edilebilir bir antibiyotik kalıntı konsantrasyonu saptanmadı. İlaveten, hayvansalgıdalardaki çoklu antibiyotik kalıntılarının belirlenmesinde LC-MS/MS yönteminin yararlılığı, bualandaki mevcut bilgileri destekleyici olarak gösterildi. Sonuç olarak, tavuk eti tüketiminin seçilenantibiyotik kalıntıları açısından halk sağlığı için herhangi bir risk oluşturmadığı söylenebilir.

Multi-Class Antibiotic Residue Screening of Chicken Muscle by LC-MS/MS

This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic residues (n=37) including fluoroquinolone (n=10), tetracycline (n=4), macrolide (n=3), sulphonamide (n=7), penicillin (n=7), cephalosporin (n=3), amphenicol (n=2) and trimethoprim (n=1) groups in chicken meat samples. Concentration of selected antibiotics in samples (breast meat, n=25), which were collected from different local markets in Hatay, Adana, Gaziantep, Mersin and Osmaniye provinces, were determined by LC-MS/MS. In the current study, no detectable concentration of antibiotic residues was found in the tested samples. In addition, the usefulness of LC-MS/MS method to identify multi antibiotic residues in foods of animal origin has been also proven to support the existing knowledge in this area. Finally, it is reasonable to assume that chicken meat consumption poses no risk for public health in terms of selected antibiotic residues.

PDF

___

Attari VE, Abbasi MM, Abedimanesh N, Ostadrahimi A, Gorbani A. Investigation of enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol residues in broiler chickens carcasses collected from local markets of Tabriz, northwestern Iran. Health Promot Perspect 2014; 4: 151-157.
FDA. “2015 Summary Report on Antimicrobials Sold or Distributed for Use in Food-Producing Animals. Food and Drug Administration Department of Health and Human Services”. 2016.https://www.fda.gov/downloads/ForIndustry/UserFee s/AnimalDrugUserFeeActADUFA/UCM534243.pdf/ 28.07.2017.
GKGM. “Ruhsatlı Veteriner Tıbbi Ürünler. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı Gıda ve Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü. 2016”. http://www.gkgm.gov.tr/vtu/RListe.asp/ 04.08.2016.
Macarov CA, Tong L, Martínez-Huélamo M, et al. Multi residue determination of the penicillins regulated by the European Union, in bovine, porcine and chicken muscle, by LC–MS/MS. Food Chem 2012; 135: 2612-2621.
Bousova K, Senyuva H, Mittendorf K. Quantitative multiresidue method for determination antibiotics in chicken meat using turbulent flow chromatography coupled to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1274: 19-27.
Harbarth S, Samore MH, Lichtenberg D, Carmeli Y. Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis after cardiovascular surgery and its effect on surgical site infections and antimicrobial resistance. Circulation 2000; 101: 2916- 2921.
Gullberg E, Cao S, Berg OG, et al. Selection of resistant bacteria at very low antibiotic concentrations. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7: e1002158.
Ho YB, Zakaria MP, Latif PA, Saari N. Simultaneous determination of veterinary antibiotics and hormone in broiler manure, soil and manure compost by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1262: 160-168.
EU. Directive 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of The Council 2003 On additives for use in animal nutrition. Official Journal of the European Union; 2003, L 268/29.
GTHB. “Yem Katkıları ve Premikslerin Üretimi, ithalatı, ihracatı, Satısı ve Kullanımı Hakkında Tebliğde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Tebliğ. Resmi Gazete tarih ve sayısı: 21.01.2006/26056“. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/ 2006/01/20060121.htm/ 06.09.2017.
Kumar RR, Lee JT, Cho JY. Fate, occurrence, and toxicity of veterinary antibiotics in environment. J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 2012; 55: 701-709.
Laxminarayan R, Van Boeckel T, Teillant A. “The economic costs of withdrawing antimicrobial growth promoters from the livestock Sector. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 78, OECD Publishing 2015”. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js64kst5wvlen)/ 06.09.2017.
EC. Pharmacologically active substances and their classification regarding maximum residue limits in foodstuffs of animal origin. Commission Regulation No 37/2010. Off. J. Eur. Union, 2010, L15: 1-72.
GTHB. “Türk Gıda Kodeksi Hayvansal Gıdalarda Bulunabilecek Farmakolojik Aktif Maddelerin Sınıflandırılması ve Maksimum Kalıntı Limitleri Yönetmeliği. Resmi Gazete tarih ve sayısı: 04.05.2012/28282“. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/ 2012/05/20120504-9.htm/ 06.09.2017.
Yamaguchi T, Okihashi M, Harada K, et al. Antibiotic residue monitoring results for pork, chicken, and beef samples in Vietnam in 2012–2013. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63: 5141-5145.
Çetinkaya F, Yibar A, Soyutemiz GE, et al. Determination of tetracycline residues in chicken meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2012; 5: 45-49.
Er B, Onurdağ FK, Demirhan B, et al. Screening of quinolone antibiotic residues in chicken meat and beef sold in the markets of Ankara, Turkey. Poult Sci 2013; 92: 2212-2215.
Chico J, Rúbies A, Centrich F, Companyó R, Prat MD, Granados M. High-throughput multiclass method for antibiotic residue analysis by liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1213: 189-199.
Granelli K, Elgerud C, Lundström Å, Ohlsson A, Sjöberg P. Rapid multi-residue analysis of antibiotics in muscle by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 637: 87-91.
Yipel M, Kürekci C, Tekeli İO, Metli M, Sakin F. Determination of selected antibiotics in farmed fish species using LC‐MS/MS. Aquaculture Research 2017; 48: 3829-3836.
EC. Commission Decision 2002/657/EC of 12 August 2002: Implementing Council Directive 96/23/EC concerning the performance of analytical methods and the interpretation of results. Off J Eur Comm, 2002, L221: 8- 36.
Diarra MS, Malouin F. Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives. Front Microbiol 2014; 5: 1-15.
Akar F. Tavuk eti ve karaciğerlerinde bazı antibiyotik kalıntılarının araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg 1994; 41: 199-207.
Yüksek N. Etlerde antibiyotik kalıntılarının aranması üzerinde çalışmalar. J Fac Vet Med 2001; 20: 85-90.
Metli M, Yakar Y, Tekeli Y. Determination of antibiotic residues in chicken liver by liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 2015; 5: 120-131.
Yibar A, Cetinkaya F, Soyutemiz GE. ELISA screening and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmation of chloramphenicol residues in chicken muscle, and the validation of a confirmatory method by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Poult Sci 2011; 90: 2619-2626.
Impens S, Reybroeck W, Vercammen J, et al. Screening and confirmation of chloramphenicol in shrimp tissue using ELISA in combination with GC–MS 2 and LC–MS 2. Anal Chim Acta 2003; 483: 153-163.
EC. Council of the European Union. Commission Staff Working Document on the Implementation of National Residue Monitoring Plans in the Member States in 2012 (Council Directive 96/23/EC).
Jang JW, Lee KS, Kim WS. Monitoring of trimethoprim antibiotic residue in livestock and marine products commercialized in Korea. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015; 24: 1927-1931.
Nakajima T, Sasamoto T, Hayashi H, et al. Screening assay of residual antibiotics in livestock samples by LCMS/MS. Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Food Hyg Saf Sci 2012; 53: 91-97.
Salehzadeh F, Salehzadeh A, Rokni N, Madani R, Golchinefar F. Enrofloxacin residue in chicken tissues from Tehran slaughterhouses in Iran. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2007; 6: 409-413.
GTHB. “Kümes Hayvancılığı Ürün Raporu. 2014” http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/tepge/Lists/Haber/Attachment s/18/KANATLI_URUN_RAPORU_2014.pdf/ 28.10.2016.
TÜİK. “Hayvansal üretim verileri. 2017”. http://www. tuik.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod=temelist/ 21.06.2017.
EUROSTAT. “Meat production statistics. 2015”. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index. php/Meat_production_statistics/ 21.06.2017.