Ratlarda Siklofosfamid ile Oluşturulmuş Hemorajik Sistitte Propolis ve Enginarın Koruyucu Etkileri
Çalışmada, siklofosfamid (CP) ile oluşturulmuş mesane toksisitesinde propolis ve enginarın etkileriincelenmiştir. Ratlar 6 gruba ayrılmıştır. Gruplar; kontrol grubu, propolis uygulanan grup (200mg/kg/gün gavaj, 7 gün), enginar uygulanan grup (1 g/kg/gün gavaj, 12 gün), CP uygulanan grup(150 mg/kg i.p. tek doz), CP+propolis uygulanan grup ve CP+enginar uygulanan grup şeklindeoluşturulmuştur. Propolis uygulamasına CP uygulamasından 2 gün önce başlanmış ve 7 gün süreile devam edilmiştir. Enginar uygulamasına CP uygulamasından 7 gün önce başlanmış ve 12 günsüre ile devam edilmiştir. Mesane dokusunda malondialdehid (MDA), redükte glutatyon (GSH)düzeyleri, katalaz (KAT), glutatyon-S-transferaz (GST) aktivite tayini yapılmıştır. Kontrol grubunagöre CP uygulanan grupta MDA (P= 0.013) ve GSH (P
Protective Effects of Propolis and Artichoke in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Rats
In the study, the effects of propolis and artichoke on bladder toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) were investigated. The rats were divided into 6 groups. The groups were generated as control group, propolis-treated group (200 mg/kg/day gavage, 7 days), artichoke-treated group (1 g/kg/day gavage, 12 days), CP-treated group (150 mg/kg i.p. single dose), CP+propolis treated group and CP+artichoke-treated group. Propolis treatment was started for 2 days before the CP treatment and continued for 7 days. Artichoke treatment was started for 7 days before CP treatment and continued for 12 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were determined in the bladder tissue. In the CP treated group, MDA (P= 0.013) and GSH (P
___
- Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G.
Antidepressant drugs. In: Humphrey P, Rang Maureen M,
Dale James M, Ritter Rod J, Henderson FG. (Editors).
Rang and Dale's Pharmacology. 7th Edition. Edinburgh:
Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012: 564-583.
- Sakthivel KM, Guruvayoorappan C. Acacia ferruginea
inhibits cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression
and urotoxicity by modulating cytokines in mice. J
Immunotoxicol 2015; 12: 154-163.
- Jeelani R, Khan SN, Shaeib F, et al. Cyclophosphamide
and acrolein induced oxidative stress leading to
deterioration of metaphase II mouse oocyte quality. Free
Radic Biol Med 2017; 110: 11-18.
- McDermott EM, Powell RJ. Incidence of ovarian failure in
systemic lupus erythematosus after treatment with pulse
cyclophosphamide. Ann Rheum Dis 1996; 55: 224-229.
- Ludeman SM. The chemistry of the metabolites of
cyclophosphamide. Curr Pharm Des 1999; 5: 627-644.
- Senthilkumar S, Devaki T, Manohar BM, Babu MS. Effect
of squalene on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity. Clin
Chim Acta 2006; 364: 335-342.
- Gunes S, Ayhanci A, Sahinturk V, Altay DU, Uyar R.
Carvacrol attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced
oxidative stress in rat kidney. Can J Physiol Pharmacol
2017; 95: 844-849.
- Toreti VC, Sato HH, Pastore G, et al. Recent progress of
propolis for its biological and chemical compositions and
its botanical origin. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
2013: 1-13.
- Bankova VS, de Castro SL, Marcucci MC. Propolis:
recent advances in chemistry and plant origin. Apidologie
2000; 31: 3-15.
- Yılmaz S. Tatli Seven P, Kaya E. Efects of propolis, royal
jelly, bee pollen and ronozyme supplementation in diets of
japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on yolk lipid
peroxidation. Int J Vet Health Sci Res 2017; 5: 183-189.
- Takino Y, Mochida S. Propolis its chemical constituents
and biological activities. Honeybee Sci 1982; 3: 145-152.
- Holtmann G, Adam B, Haag S, et al. Efficacy of artichoke
leaf extract in the treatment of patients with functional
dyspepsia: A six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind,
multicentre trial. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18: 1099-
1105.
- Mehmetcik G, Ozdemirler G, Koc N, et al. Effect of
pretreatment with artichoke extract on carbon
tetrachloride-induced liver injury and oxidative stress. Exp
Toxicol Pathol 2008; 60: 475-480.
- Kolankaya D, Selmanoǧlu G, Sorkun K, Salih B.
Protective effects of Turkish propolis on alcohol-induced
serum lipid changes and liver injury in male rats. Food
Chem 2002; 78: 213-217.
- Abadie C, Chabot S, Augé C, et al. Effect of Brimapitide
on acute and chronic cystitis model induced by
cyclophosphamide in conscious rats. Eur Urol Sup 2017;
16: 1555.
- Placer ZA, Cushman L, Johnson BC. Estimation of
products of lipid peroxidation in biological fluids. Anal
Biochem 1966; 16: 359-364.
- Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A
new and rapid colorimetric determination of
acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 1961;
7: 88-95.
- Aebi H. Catalase. In vitro. Methods in Enzymol 1984; 105:
121-126.
- Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB. Glutathione Stransferases.
The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid
formation. J Biol Chem 1974; 249: 130-139.
- West NJ. Prevention and treatment of hemorrhagic
cystitis. Pharmacotherapy: J Hum Pharmacol Drug
Therapy 1997; 17: 696-706.
- Cox PJ. Cyclophosphamide cystitis- identification of
acrolein as the causative agent. Biochem Pharmacol
1979; 28: 2045-2049.
- Kayaalp SO. Rasyonel Tedavi Yönünden Tıbbi
Farmakoloji. 1. Baskı, Türkiye: Pelikan Yayınları, 2009.
- Malkoç E, Topal T. Ratlarda siklofosfamitle oluşturulmuş
hemorajik sistit modeli. In: Yücel O, Başal Ö. (Editörler).
Deney Hayvanı Rat. 1. Baskı, Derman Tıbbi Yayıncılık,
Ankara; Bala 2016: 362-364.
- Beckman JS, Beckman TW, Chen J, Marshall PA,
Freeman BA. Apparent hydroxyl radical production by
peroxynitrite: Implications for endothelial injury from nitric
oxide and superoxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:
1620-1624.
- Gray KJ, Engelmann UH, Johnson EH, Fishman IJ.
Evaluation of misoprostol cytoprotection of the bladder
with cyclophosphamide (cytoxan) therapy. J Urol 1986;
136: 497-500.
- Akkuş I. Serbest radikaller ve fizyopatolojik etkiler. Konya:
Mimoza Yayınları, 1995.
- Premila A, Indirani K, Preethi K. Alterations in antioxidant
enzyme activities and increased oxidative stress in
cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in the rat.
J Cancer Therapy 2008; 6: 563-570.
- Tripathi DN, Jena GB. Intervention of astaxanthin against
cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress and DNA
damage: A study in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 180:
398-406.
- Abd‐Allah AR, Gado AM, Al‐Majed AA, Al‐Yahya AA, Al‐
Shabanah OA. Protective effect of taurine against
cyclophosphamide‐induced urinary bladder toxicity in rats.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2005; 32: 167-172.
- Topal P, Oztas Y, Korkmaz A. Melatonin ameliorates
bladder damage induced by cyclophosphamide in rats. J
Pineal Res 2005; 38: 272-277.
- Sadir S, Deveci S, Korkmaz A, Oter S. Alpha‐tocopherol,
beta‐carotene and melatonin administration protects
cyclophosphamide‐induced oxidative damage to bladder
tissue in rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2007; 25: 521-526.
- Pascual C, Gonzales R, Torricella RG. Scavenging action
of propolis extract against oxygen radicals. J
Ethnopharmacol 1994; 41: 9-13.
- Santos HD, Cruz WS. The antioxidant vitamin nutritional
therapy and the chemotherapy treatment in oncology. Rev
Bras Cancerologia 2001; 47: 303-308.
- Padmavathi R, Senthilnathan P, Chodon D,
Sakthisekaran D. Therapeutic effect of paclitaxel and
propolis on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in 7,
12 dimethyl benz (a) anthracene-induced breast cancer in
female Sprague Dawley rats. Life Sci 2006; 78: 2820-
2825.
- Hussein MKAE. Effect of bee propolis on experimentally
induced cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis in adult
male albino rats: A histological and immunohistochemical
study. Abstract. Anatomy and Embryology Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt, 2016.
- Akyol S, Ginis Z, Armutcu F, et al. The potential usage of
caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) against
chemotherapy‐induced and radiotherapy‐induced toxicity.
Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 30: 438-443.
- Uysal E, Yılmaz HR, Ugan Y, et al. Protective effects of
caffeic acid phenethyl ester on cyclophosphamide‐
induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. J Biochem Mol
Toxicol 2015; 29: 559-563.
- Vieira MM, Macêdo FY, Filho JN, et al. Ternatin, a
flavonoid, prevents cyclophosphamide and
cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats.
Phytother Res 2004; 18: 135-141.
- Pulito C, Mori F, Sacconi A, et al. Cynara scolymus
affects malignant pleural mesothelioma by promoting
apoptosis and restraining invasion. Oncotarget 2015; 6:
18134.
- Numan IT, Hamad MN, Fadhil AA, Najim SM. The
possible cardio-protective effects of ethanolic artichoke
extract against 5-fluorouracil İnduced cardiac toxicity in
rats. Iraqi J Pharm Sci2017; 25: 1-5.
- Gebhardt R. Antioxidative and protective properties of
extracts from leaves of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus
L.) against hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in
cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1997;
144: 279-286.
- Zapolska-Downar D, Zapolski-Downar A, Naruszewicz M,
et al. Protective properties of artichoke (Cynara scolymus)
against oxidative stress induced in cultured endothelial
cells and monocytes. Life Sci 2002; 71: 2897-2908.