Birinci Balkan Savaşı’nın Eşiğinde Arnavutluk’un Özerkliği Üzerine Diplomatik Farklılıklar

RIZAJ, Gazmend, Birinci Balkan Savaşı’nın Eşiğinde Arnavutluk’un Özerkliği Üzerine Diplomatik Farklılıklar, CTAD, Yıl 18, Sayı 35 (Bahar 2022), s. 233-266. Bu çalışmada yirminci yüzyıl başında Büyük Güçler ve Balkanlar’da yeni kurulan ülkelerin çıkarları açısından Arnavutluk'un özerkliği konusu ele alınmıştır. Avusturya-Macaristan ile İtalya 1897 ile 1901-1902 yıllarında, Osmanlı Devleti’nin dağılması halinde özerk bir Arnavut devletinin kurulması hususunda ittifak etmişlerdir. Ancak, 1909-1912 Arnavut ayaklanmaları devam ederken, Osmanlı Devleti dağılmaksızın bile Arnavutluk’un özerkliği fikri kendine yer edinmiş gibi görünmektedir. Bu yeni gelişmeler ve Arnavutluk’un özerkliği perspektifi, Arnavutluk’un Balkanlar’daki komşularının genelinde bir telaşa sebebiyet vermiştir. Balkanlar’da yeni kurulan monarşiler 1912 Arnavut Ayaklanması sırasında Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı bir Balkan ittifakının kurulması için bir dizi anlaşmaya varmışlardır. Arşiv evrakıyla birincil ve ikincil kaynaklar esas alınarak, bu makalede, Arnavutların özerklik elde etmek için ortaya koydukları tarihsel mücadelenin koşulları, nedenleri ve sonuçları tartışılarak, Avusturya-Macaristan’ın Arnavutluk’a yönelik politikasına karşı yürütülen diplomatik çabalar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Diplomatic Differences over Autonomy of Albania on the Eve of the First Balkan War

RIZAJ, Gazmend, Diplomatic Differences over Autonomy of Albania on the Eve of the First Balkan War, CTAD, Year 18, Issue 35 (Spring 2022), pp. 233-266. This article analyzes the issue of Albania's autonomy at the turn of the century from the prism of the interests of the Great Powers and the new Balkan States. In 1897 and 1901-1902, Austria-Hungary and Italy had on each occasion brought unanimous agreement for creating an Albanian autonomous state in the event of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. Nonetheless, during the Albanian national uprisings of 1909-1912, the idea of autonomy for Albania seemed to gain ground even without the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. These new events and the prospect of Albanian autonomy caused widespread alarm amongst Albania's Balkan neighbors. At the 1912 Albanian uprising, they drew up an unending set of agreements to founding a Balkan Alliance against the Ottoman Empire. Drawing upon archival and other primary and secondary sources, this article discusses the conditions, the causes, and the consequences of Albanian historical struggles of 1912 to secure autonomy and provides insights into the diplomatic campaigns against AustroHungarian policymaking toward Albania.

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