Türkiye’de Hastane Çevirmenliğinde Rol ve Etik

Daha kapsamlı bir çalışmanın bir bölümü olan bu çalışmanın amacı, sözlü çeviride bir saha çalışması örneği oluşturan hastane çevirmenlerinin mikro düzeydeki davranışlarını makro düzeyde etikle bağdaştırarak incelemektir. Bu çalışma, sözlü çeviri çalışmaları kapsamında hastane ortamında ve sağlık bağlamında bir saha çalışması olarak planlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, sağlık çevirmenliği yapılan durumlardan ve gerçek hastane ortamlarından toplanan verilere dayanarak alanla ilgili bir bakış açısı ortaya koyan bu çalışma iki düzeyde analizden oluşmaktadır. Sözlü çeviride saha çalışması yöntemi, izleme, soru sorma, ve kaydetmekten oluşur. Buna uygun olarak saha çalışması yöntemi kullanılarak ve doğal verilere dayanarak bu çalışmada veri toplama yöntemleri, on dört hastane çevirmeniyle röportaj, katılımcı gözlem (çevirmen, doktor, hasta ve hastane yöneticileri) ile yirmi yedi kayıttan alınmış olan doktor- hasta görüşmelerinin ses kayıtlarından üç tanesinin detaylı incelemesinden oluşmaktadır. Çevirmenin davranışları, Türkiye’de hastane çevirmenliğine ilişkin etik kurallar ve ulusal standartların eksikliğiyle ilişkili olarak tartışılacaktır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sağlık çevirmenliğine dair etik kuralların ve belirli bir meslek tanımının eksikliğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu durum, hastane çalışanları, çevirmenler ve hastalar için zorluklara sebep olmaktadır ve verilen hizmetin kalitesini riske atmaktadır. Görüşme yapılan iki çevirmenin ses kayıtları incelenen çevirmenler olduğu dikkate alınarak, bulgular ayrıca çevirmenlerin uyguladıklarını söyledikleri ile çeviri esnasında uyguladıkları arasında farklılıklar olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki amaçlardan biri de bu farklılıkların ortaya konulmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sağlık çevirmenliği, çevirmenin rolü, etik, vaka çalışması

Role and Ethics in Healthcare Interpreting in Turkey

The objective of this study, which was designed as part of a larger study, is to analyze the healthcare interpreter's behaviour at micro-level in relation to ethics at macro-level, constituting an example of fieldwork in interpreting studies. Thus, the study consists of two levels of analysis, aiming at providing an overview of the field based on real-life data. In accordance with the fieldwork strategy, which adopts an approach that consists of watching, asking, and recording, the focus is on naturally occurring data, consisting of interviews with fourteen healthcare interpreters, participant observation at healthcare settings, and the micro-analysis of three interpreted doctor – patient interviews out of twenty-seven interpreted doctor – patient interviews. Interpreter behaviour is analyzed in relation to a discussion on (lack of) codes of ethics and conduct and national standards in healthcare settings in Turkey. This study reveals the lack of an explicit job description and a lack of codes of ethics/ conduct in Turkey. This causes challenges in practice for healthcare providers and interpreters as well as patients and implies a risk for quality of service. Since two interpreters interviewed were also those whose recordings were cited, the findings also point to a possible gap between what the interpreters say they do and what they actually do during interpretation at hospitals. One of the objectives of the present study is to put forward this gap.

Keywords:

Healthcare interpreting, role of interpreters, ethics, case study,

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