TUĞBA KÜÇÜKKASAP CÖMERT, Türkan Kutluay MERDOL

Çikolata ve Sağlık Beyanları

Çikolata, bileşimindeki kakao oranı ve yapımında kullanılan maddelere göre bitter çikolata, sütlü çikolata vb. olarak adlandırılır. Kakao oranı ile en zengin olan bitter çikolatanın sağlık üzerine etkileri pek çok çalışmada değerlendirilmiş ancak tutarlı sonuçlar elde edilememiştir. Bazı araştırmalar, kakaonun yararlı etkisinin ancak çiğ tüketimi ile mümkün olabileceğini vurgularken, bazıları bitter çikolatanın yüksek doymuş yağ ve şeker içeriği nedeniyle vücut ağırlığında artışa neden olabileceğine dikkat çekmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, kakao ve çikolata, teobromin ve kafein içeriğinden dolayı, belirgin yüksek nabız ile ilişkilendirilmekte, bu nedenle aritmisi olanlarda ve yaşlı hastalarda tüketiminin kısıtlanması gerektiği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çikolatanın olumlu etkileri olduğunu gösteren bir çok çalışma da bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda, çikolatada bulunan sağlıksız bileşenlere karşılık, olumlu etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmakta, istenmeyen olumsuz etkileri engellemek için uygun miktarlarda tüketilmesi gerektiği belirtilmektedir. Bu derlemede, çikolata ve sağlık beyanları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar ve sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.

Chocolate and Health Claims

Chocolate is classified as bitter chocolate, milk chocolate etc. according to the proportion of dry cocoa and other ingredients in its composition. The health effects of bitter chocolate, which has the highest cocoa ratio, were evaluated in many studies, but the results were very conflicting. Some investigations emphasize the beneficial effect of cocoa could only be possible with raw consumption. Some notes that bitter chocolate may cause an increase in body weight due to the high saturated fat and sugar content. In addition, cocoa and chocolate are being associated with a significantly increased pulse rate because of their theobromine and caffeine content, suggesting the consumption should be restricted in patients with arrhythmia and elderly. However, there are many studies showing the positive effects of chocolate. These studies are stating that the positive effects should not be ignored regardless the unhealthy components in cocoa and chocolate and emphasize the necessity of consumption of the chocolate in reasonable quantities to prevent unwanted adverse effects and get the beneficial ones. In this review, findings of the investigations on the relation of chocolate and health were evaluated.

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