Süper Besin: Chia Tohumu (Salvia Hispanica L.)

Son yıllarda oldukça dikkat çeken bir tohum olan Chia tohumu (Salvia hispanica, L.), sağlık etkileri bilimsel çalışmalarca kanıtlanmış işlevsel besin bileşenlerinden diyet posası, n-3 yağ asidi, protein ve antioksidanları yüksek miktarda içeren bir besindir. Chia tohumu (100 g) 16 - 20 g protein, 30 - 38 g yağ, 18 - 20 g n-3 yağ asidi, 34 - 40 g toplam diyet posası içerir. Son yıllarda sağlıklı besin tüketimindeki eğilimler diyet posası ilaveli, n-3 yağ asitleri ve antioksidan içeriği zenginleştirilmiş ürünler yönündedir. Chia tohumu son yıllarda Dünya’da yaygın olarak görülen kanser, diyabet, obezite, kardiyovasküler hastalıkların önlenmesinde etkili olabilecek işlevsel besin bileşenlerini içermesi nedeniyle “süper besin” olarak da tanımlanmaktadır. Sağlık ve beslenme etkilerinin yanı sıra, Chia tohumu, su ile buluştuğunda kabuğunun etrafında müsilaj oluşturma ve yağ/su emülsiyonlarını stabilize etme özelliklerini taşır. Bu özellikleri ile besin endüstrisinde birçok alanda kullanılma potansiyeli yüksek bir hammadde olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu derlemede, Chia tohumunun beslenme yönünden etkileri, işlevsel bileşenleri ve ulusal ve uluslararası besin endüstrisinde kullanım alanları ile ilgili çalışmalar derlenmiştir.

Super Food: Chia Seed (Salvia Hispanica L.)

Chia seed, which has been popular in recent years, is a food rich in functional food ingredients such as dietary fiber, n-3 fatty acids, protein and antioxidants, of which health benefits are proven by scientific studies. 100 g of Chia is composed of 16 - 20 g protein, 30 – 38 g fat, 18 - 20 g n-3 fatty acids and 34 - 40 g total dietary fiber. In recent years, healthy food consumption trends are focused on the foods enriched with dietary fiber, n-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Chia seed is defined as “superfood”; because it contains functional food ingredients which can be effective on preventing the illnesses, which are commonly seen in recent years, such as cancer, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Besides the effects on health and nutrition, Chia seed has the properties of forming a mucilage around its coat when in contact with water and stabilizing oil in water emulsions. Due to these properties it can be evaluated as a raw material having a high potential to be used in different purposes in the food industry. In this review, the studies about the health and nutrition effects of Chia seed, its functional ingredients and the usage areas in national and international food industries are summarized.

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