Ahmet ALTINDİŞLİ, Akay ÜNAL, Turcan TEKER

ASMA ÖZSUYU AKIŞ HIZI VE MİKTARININ BELİRLENMESİNDE KULLANILAN BİR YÖNTEM: SAP FLOW METER / GRANİER YÖNTEMİ

Bağcılıkta sulamanın asma verimi, tane kalitesi ve fizyolojisine etkilerini gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur.Vejetasyon döneminde asmanın su kapsamı, üzerinde bırakılan yük, yaprak alma uygulamaları ve stresfaktörlerinin yanında ekstrem sıcaklık, yağış gibi iklimsel olaylara bağlı olarak değişebilmektedir. Yapılançalışmalar bitki su kapsamının belirlenmesinde değişik yöntemlerin kullanıldığını göstermektedir.Çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı yaprak ve gövde su potansiyeli ölçümleri ile ilgili olmasının yanında bitkilerinyeşil–odunsu sürgünlerinde ve meyve ağacı–asma gövdesinden geçen su miktarını saptamaya yönelikölçümlerin yapıldığı bilimsel çalışmaların yapıldığı bilinmektedir. Bu ölçümler içerisinde “bitki özsuyuakış ölçümü (sap flow meter)” bitki sürgün ve gövdesinde anlık meydana gelen su akış miktarı ve hızınınbelirlenmesinde kullanılan yöntemlerden biridir. Ülkemizde bağcılık alanında yapılan çalışmalarincelendiğinde ise bitki özsuyu akış ölçüm yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı çalışmalara rastlanılmamaktadır. Buderlemede topraktan kökler ile absorbe edilen sulama suyunun taç bölgesine iletilmesi sürecinde asmagövdesinden geçiş miktarı ve hızının belirlemede kullanılan sap flow yöntemlerinden biri olan ısı dağılım(heat dissipation–Granier) yöntemi irdelenmiştir. Sistem 2016 yılında Manisa Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsüaraştırma parselinde asma üzerinde bırakılan farklı ürün yükleri ve yaprak alma uygulamalarının asmafizyolojisi ve üzüm kalitesine olan etkilerinin incelendiği bir çalışmada kullanılmış, bu derlemede isesistemin prensibi, sistemin asmalara montajı hakkında bilgiler yer almıştır.

A METHOD USED IN THE DETERMINATION OF GRAPEVINE SAP FLOW VELOCITY AND QUANTITY: HEAT DISSIPATION / GRANIER METHOD

In viticulture, there are studies about effects of irrigation on vine yield, berry quality and vine physiology. In vegetation period, vine water capacity may change depending on stress factors as the crop load quantity on vine, leaf removal applications also climatic conditions as extreme temperatures and precipitation. Studies show that different methods are used to determine the plant water content. It is known that, a large part of the studies are linked to leaf and stem water potential measurements as well as scientific studies have been carried out to measure the amount of water passing through the sap, green and woody shoots of the plants. Among these measurements, "sap flow meter" is one of the methods used to determine the flow rate and velocity in the plant shoot and stem. When studies are examined, using sap flow measurement methods are not encountered in viticulture research in our country. In this review, heat dissipation (Granier) method, one of the sap flow methods used to determine the water amount and velocity of passing through the vine stem was investigated during the transmission of water which was absorbed by the roots. The system used during a project in Manisa Viticulture Research Institute in 2016. In this review, there are information about the principle of the system, installation of system on grapevines.

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