Köylülerin çölleşmeye yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışları: Konya/Karapınar ile Eskişehir/Keskin örneği

Çölleşme kurak, yarı kurak ve kuru alt nemli alanlarda iklim değişimleri ve insan faaliyetlerinin de dâhil olduğu çeşitli faktörler sonucunda oluşan arazi bozulumudur. Su ve rüzgâr erozyonu, toprağın fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklerinin azalması uzun dönemde bozulumu etkileyen faktörlerdir. Bu sürecin yanı sıra, toprağın beslenmesini tüketen aşırı ekim, aşırı otlatma, ormanların tahribatı, uygun olmayan sulama pratikleri sonucunda toprağın tuzlanması çölleşmenin nedenleri ve göstergeleri arasında tartışılmaktadır. Çölleşmenin nedenleri ve göstergeleri uzmanlar tarafından ortaya konulmakla birlikte çölleşme risk bölgelerinde yaşayan köylülerin çölleşme problemine bakışları çölleşmenin azaltılması için geliştirilecek politika ve stratejiler açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, çölleşme risk bölgelerinde yaşayan köylülerin çölleşme problemine yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca, kadın ve erkeklerin bu probleme yönelik tutumları arasında herhangi bir farklılık olup olmadığı da incelenmektedir.

Peasants' knowledge, attitude and behaviour toward desertificaton: The case of Konya/Karapınar and Eskişehir/Keskin

Desertification is the land degradation in arid, semiarid and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic and human activities. Water and wind erosion, decreasing biological, chemical and physical characteristics of land are the factors that determine degradation in the long process. In addition to this process, over-cultivation which causes depletion of nutrients in the soil, over-grazing by animals on fragile range lands, excessive cutting of fuel wood in dry lands and inappropriate irrigation practices that result in salinization of agricultural land have been discussed among the reasons and the indicators of desertification. Although experts discuss the causes and indicators of desertification, with respect to policies and strategies towards the mitigation desertification; it is important to examine peasants’ view towards desertification problem who live in desertification risk areas. The main purpose of this study is to examine peasants’ knowledge, attitude, behaviour towards desertification problem who live in desertification risk areas. In addition, it is examined whether there is being difference among women’ and men’ attitudes towards this problem.

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