İçme Suları ve Gıdalarda Perklorat Kontaminasyonu

Gübrelerde ve katı oksitleyici olarak silah sanayisinde, havai fişeklerde, roketlerde ve diğer patlayıcılarda yaygın şekilde kullanılan perkloratlar, iyodun, tiroid bezi hücrelerine geçişini engelleyerek tiroid hormonlarının sentezini azaltmakta ve böylelikle özellikle kadınlarda ve bebeklerde kalıcı sağlık sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. Perkloratlara olan genel maruziyet, tarımsal alanlardan bulaşma ve endüstriyel atıklar yolu ile gıda maddelerinin, yeraltı ve yüzey sularının kirlenmesi neticesinde meydana gelmektedir. Son yıllarda, perklorat kalıntılarının insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin ortaya çıkması ile birlikte özellikle içme sularında ve bazı gıda maddelerinde kalıntılarının belirlenmesine ve ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik araştırmalar artmaktadır. Bu konuda yapılan araştırmalar, sularda, süt ve süt ürünlerinde, sebze ve meyvelerde, işlenmiş gıda ürünlerinde ve gıda katkı maddelerinde çeşitli düzeylerde perklorat kalıntıları bulunabildiğini göstermektedir. Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, sularda ve gıda maddelerinde perklorat kalıntılarının ve bu kalıntıların insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin önemi hakkında bir farkındalık meydana getirmektir.

Perchlorate Contamination in Drinking Waters and Foods

Perchlorates are commonly used in fertilizers and fireworks, rockets and other explosives as solid oxidizer and reduce the synthesis of thyroid hormones by preventing the transportation of iodine through the thyroid gland and thus cause to permanent health problems especially in woman and infants. The main exposure to perchlorates takes place due to the pollution of ground and surface water via contamination from agricultural areas and industrial wastes. Recently, scientific researches about the determination and elimination of the residues have increased with the emergence of their adverse effects on human health. Studies indicated that various levels of perchlorates are present in waters, milk and milk products, fruits and vegetables, processed foods and food additives. The purpose of this review is to increase the awareness about the importance of perchlorates residues in water and food products and their adverse effects on human health.

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