Mutasyon (Ses Değişimi) Döneminde Seslerin Sınıflandırılması

Mutasyon (ses değişimi) ergenliğin başlamasıyla birlikte vücuttaki diğer değişimlere paralel olarak seste de dramatik bir değişim sürecinin yaşandığı dönemdir. Ses karakterinin şekillenerek kimlik kazandığı bu süreçte çeşitli zorluklarla karşılaşılabilir. Vokal organlardaki büyüme her bireyde aynı oranda gerçekleşmediği için sesin kontrolü de zorlaşmaktadır. Bu dönemde yaşanan zorlukları ve sesin özelliklerini bilmek uygun yaklaşım sergilemek açısından oldukça önemlidir. Doğru yaklaşım sergilenmediği taktirde seste kalıcı hasarlar oluşabilir ve öğrenciler şarkı söylemekten uzaklaşarak bu derslerden kopabilirler. Ses değişimi kişiden kişiye farklılık göstermekte, aynı sınıfta farklı evreleri yaşayan öğrencilere rastlanabilmektedir. Bu sebeple sesin bulunduğu evreyi tespit etmek ve uygun bir şekilde sınıflandırmak önemlidir. Mutasyon sürecine kadar çocuk sesleri alto veya soprano olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Ancak bu geçici evrede çocuk seslerinin kadın ya da erkek ses özelliklerini kazanıncaya kadar yeni bir sınıflandırmaya tabi tutulması gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede mutasyon dönemindeki çocukların seslerinin nasıl sınıflandırıldığı üzerinde durulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ses değişim evrelerine uygun bir sınıflandırma yöntemi kullanılmasının önemi ortaya çıkmıştır. Müzik derslerinden verim elde edilmesi ve öğrencilerin gereken kazanımları elde edebilmeleri açısından bu durum gerekli görülmektedir.

Classification of Voice in the Period of Mutation (Voice Change)

The mutation (voice change) is the period in which a dramatic change in the voice is experienced in parallel with the other changes in the body with the onset of adolescence. In this challenging period in which the character of voice is shaped and formed, persons encounter various difficulties. As the growth of vocal organs does not occur at the same rate in every individual, the control of the voice becomes difficult. In this period, knowing both of the difficulties and the characteristics of the sound are very important in terms of showing an appropriate approach. If the correct approach is not shown, voice change may cause permanent damages in the sound and even students may get disconnected from music lessons by getting away from singing. The voice change varies from person to person, and students at different stages of the process can be found in the same class. Therefore it is important to identify the stage of voice mutation and to classify the voice appropriately. In this review, we dwelled on how the voices of children in the mutation period are classified. The importance of using a classification method suitable for the stages of voice change has emerged. This is essential in order to obtain efficiency from the music courses and to provide a suitable conditions to students to obtain necessary gains.

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