Obstrüktif uyku apnesinin kardiyak ve sistemik hastalıklar ile ilişkisi

Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu (OSAS), uykuda tekrar-layıcı üst hava yolu daralması ile karakterize bir hasta-lıktır. Hipertansiyon, insulin direnci, felç, aritmi, atero-skleroz ve depresyonun dahil olduğu birçok kardiyo-vasküler, nörolojik, endokrinolojik hastalığın gelişme-sinde ve ilerlemesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Altta yatan patofizyolojik mekanizmalar; apne sonucu gece aralıklı gelişen hipoksemi, artmış sempatik aktivite, oksidatif stres, inflamasyon ve endotel disfonksiyonudur. OSAS sonucu gelişen hipoksi, inflamatuar sitokinlerin üretimini arttırmaktadır. OSAS için tedavide önerilen altın standart yöntem devamlı pozitif havayolu basıncı (CPAP)’dır ve bu tedavi kardiyovasküler riski azaltmakta ve diğer eşlik eden hastalıkların kontrolüne katkı sağla-maktadır.

Relationship between sleep apnea and cardiac–metabolic diseases

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of obstruction of airflow during sleep. It is associated with the develop-ment and progression of many cardiovascular, endocrine and neurologic pathologies such as systemic hyper-tension, insulin resistance, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, atherosclerosis and depression. The pathophysiologic mechanisms for this relationship include nocturnal intermittent hypoxia as a result of apneas, increased sympathetic tone, oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. OSAS induced hypoxia may promote the production of inflammatory cytokines. The gold standard for the treatment of OSAS is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and with this treatment, risk of cardiovascular diseases are reduced and control of other associated diseases are increased.

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