Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonunun Sektör Tercihine Etkisinde Özgeci Davranışın Aracılık Rolü: Lisans Öğrencileri Örneği

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin sektör tercihleri üzerinde Kamu Hizmet Motivasyonunun (KHM) etkisini ve bu etkide özgeciliğin aracılık rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma beş adet İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesinden 967 lisans öğrencisi üzerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri; kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle, online ve yüzyüze anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizinde, aracılık modellerinin çözümlenmesinde kullanılan ve SPSS ile birlikte çalışan PROCESS Makrosu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada KHM’nin boyutlarından olan “Politikaya İlgi”nin bireylerin sektör tercihini etkilemediği; “merhamet”, “fedakarlık” ve “kamu yararına bağlılık” boyutlarının ise sektör tercihini etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmştır. Ayrıca, bu etkide özgeci davranışın aracılık rolünün de anlamlı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Mediating Role Of Altruistic Behavior On The Relationship Between Public Service Motivation And Sector Preference: Case of Undergraduate Students

This study aims to determine relationship between Public Service Motivation (PSM) and sectorel preferences of university students and the mediating role of altruism on this relationship. The research was conducted on 967 Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences undergraduate students. Data were gathered with convenience sampling method by using online and face-to-face survey technique. In the analysis of the data, SPSS-PROCESS Macro is used in analysing the mediation models. In the study, it is found that Attraction to Policy Making dimension of PSM does not affect individuals' sector preferences; it is concluded that the Compassion, Self-Sacrifice, Commitment to Public Interest Dimensions of PSM affect the sector preferences. In addition, the mediating role of altruistic behavior was found to be significant in this effect.

___

  • Akıllı, H. S., Cingöz, A., (2015). “The Relationship Between Organizational Trust and Job Performance: The Mediating Effect of Public Service Motivation”, EGPA Annual Conference, 26-28 August, Toulouse, France.
  • Allison, P.D., (1992). “How Culture Induces Altruistic Behavior, Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual Meetings of the American Sociological Association, Pittsburgh, PA, August 1992.
  • Anderfuhren-Biget, S., Varone, F.E., Giauque, D., (2014). “Policy Environment and Public Service Motivation”, Public Administration, Cilt.92, No:4, 807-825.
  • Arslan, M., (2018). Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonu, Akademisyen Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Arslan, M., (2019). “Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Kamu Hizmet Motivasyonu Düzeylerinin Oluşmasında Kamu Yönetimi Eğitiminin Etkisi”, 16. Kamu Yönetimi Forumu, 21-23 Şubat 2019, Kayseri.
  • Arslan, M., Karacaoğlu, K., (2018). “Kamu Çalışanlarının Kurumsal İtibar Algılarının Onların Kamu Hizmet Motivasyonuna Etkileri: Nevşehir İlçe Belediyeleri Örneği”, Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt.10, No:1, 14-29.
  • Aydın, İ., Demirkasımoğlu, N., Demir, T. G., Sıldıroğlu, Ö. E., (2017). “Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonu Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi”, Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt.50, No:2, 105-125.
  • Axelrod, R.A., (1984) The Evolution of Cooperation. New York: Basic Books.
  • Bierrhof, H., (2002) Prosocial Behaviour, Psychology Press, London.
  • Brewer, G.A., (2003). “Building Social Capital: Civic Attitudes and Behavior of Public Servants”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.13, No:1, 5-26.
  • Brewer, G.A., Selden S.C., Facer II R.L., (2000). “Individual Conceptions of Public Service Motivation”, Public Administration Review, Cilt.60, No:3, 254-264.
  • Buchanan, B., (1975). “Red Tape and the Service Ethic”, Administration and Society, Cilt.6, No:4, 423-444.
  • Carlo, G., Randall, B.A.(2002). “The Development of a Measure of Prosocial Behaviors for Late Adolescents”, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, Cilt.31, No:1, 31-44.
  • Chou, K.L., (1996). “The Rushton, Chrisjohn and Fekken Self-Report Altruism Scale: A Chinese Translation”, Personality and Individual Differences, Cilt.21, 297-298.
  • Coşkun, S., (2015). “Kamu Hizmetleri Motivasyonu Kuramı: Bir Literatür Taraması”, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt.11, Yıl.11, No.1, 61-74.
  • Crewson, P. E., (1997). “Public-Service Motivation: Building Empirical Evidence of Incidence and Effect”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.7, No:4, 499-518.
  • Delfgaauw, J., (2007). Dedicated Doctors: Public and Private Provision of Health Care with Altruistic Physicians, Erasmus School of Economics. ErasmusUniversiteit Rotterdam and Tinbergen Institute, Rotterdam.
  • Delfgaauw, J., Dur, R., (2008). “Incentives and Workers’ Motivation in the Public Sector”, Econ. Journal, Cilt.118 (525), 171-191.
  • Dur, R., and Zoutenbier, R., (2014). “Working for a Good Cause”, Public Administration Review, Cilt.74, No:2, 144-155.
  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Karbon, M., Murphy, B. C., Wosinski, M., Polazzi, L., . . . Juhnke, C., (1996). “The Relations of Children’s Dispositional Prosocial Behavior to Emotionality, Regulation, and Social Functioning”, Child Development, Cilt.67, No:3, 974-992.
  • Esteve, M., Urbig, D., van Witteloostuijn, A., Boyne, G., (2015). “Prosocial Behavior and Public Service Motivation”, Public Administration Review, Cilt.76, No. 1, 177–187.
  • Feigin, S., Owens, G., & Goodyear-Smith, F., (2014). “Theories of Human Altruism: A Systematic Review”, Annals of Neuroscience and Psychology, Cilt.1, No:1, 1-8.
  • Gregg, P., Grout, P.A., Ratcliffe, A., Smith, S., Windmeijer, F., (2011). “ How Important is ProSocial Behaviour in the Delivery of Public Services?”, J. Public Economy, Cilt.95, No:7, 758- 766.
  • Gürbüz, S., (2019). “Sosyal Bilimlerde Aracı, Düzenleyici ve Durumsal Etki Analizleri”, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Hamilton, W.D., (1964) “The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour”, Journal of Theoretical Biology,Cilt.7, 1-52.
  • Hayes, A. F., (2018). “Introduction to Mediation, Moderation and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression Based Approach”, Second Edition, Guilford Press, New York.
  • Houston, D. J., (2000). “Public-Service Motivation: A Multivariate Test”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.10, No:4, 713-728.
  • Houston, J. D., (2006). “Walking the Walk of Public Service Motivation: Public Employees and Charitable Gifts of Time, Blood and Money”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.16, No:1, 67-86.
  • Kim, S., (2006). “Public Service Motivation and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Korea”, International Journal of Manpower, Cilt.27, No:8, 722-740.
  • Kim, S., W. Vandenabeele, B. E. Wright, L. B. Andersen, F. P. Cerase, R. K. Christensen, C. Desmarais et al., (2012). “Investigating the Structure and Meaning of Public Service Motivation across Populations: Developing an International Instrument and Addressing Nos of Measurement Invariance”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.23, No:1, 79-102.
  • Kolstad, J.R., Lindkvist, I., (2013). “Pro-social Preferences and Self-Selection into the Public Health Sector: Evidence from an Economic Experiment”, Health Policy and Planning, Cilt.28, 320-327.
  • Leeds, R., (1963). “Altruism and the Norm of Giving”, Merril-Palmer Quarterly, Cilt.9, 229-240.
  • Lewis, G. B., Frank, S. A., (2002). “Who Wants to Work for the Government?” Public Administration Review, Cilt.62, No:4, 395-404.
  • MacKinnon, D.P., Lockwood, C. M., and Williams, J., (2004). “Confidence Limits for the Indirect Effect: Distribution of the Product and Resampling Methods”, Multivariate Behavioral Research, Cilt.39, 99-128.
  • Mateer, N. H. & Willover, D. J., (1994). “Teacher Altruism: Implications for Administrators”, Pennsylvania Educational Leadership, Cilt.13, No:2, 29-31.
  • Musick, M. A., Wilson, J., Bynum, W.B., (2000). “Race and Formal Volunteering: The Differential Effects of Class and Religion”. Social Forces, Cilt.78, No:4, 1539-1570.
  • Neumann, O., Ritz, A., (2015). “PSM and Rational Choice Modelling”, Public Money & Management, Cilt.35, No:5, 365-370.
  • Ökmen, M., Demir, F., (2010). “Kamu Hizmetinin Felsefi Temelleri ve Yeni Kamu Yönetiminde Geçirdiği Dönüşüm”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt.15, No:3, 19-42.
  • Pandey, S.K., Wright, B.E., Moynihan, D.P., (2008). “Public Service Motivation and Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior in Public Organizations: Testing a Preliminary Model”, International Public Management Journal, Cilt.11, No:1, 89-108.
  • Pedersen, M.J., (2013). “Public Service Motivation and Attraction to Public Versus Private Sector Employment Academic Field of Study as Moderator?”, International Public Management Journal, Cilt.16, No:3, 357-385.
  • Perry, J.L., (1996). “Measuring Public Service Motivation: An Assessment of Construct Reliability and Validity”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory: J-PART, Cilt.6, No:1, 5-22.
  • Perry, J.L., Wise, R.L., (1990). “The Motivational Bases of Public Service”, Public Administration Review, Cilt.50, No:3, 367-373.
  • Perry, J.L., Hondeghem, A., (2008). “Building Theory and Empirical Evidence about Public Service Motivation”, International Public Management Journal, Cilt.11, No:1, 3-12.
  • Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D.D., Hayes, A.F., (2007). “Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses: Theory, Methods, and Prescriptions”, Multivariate Behavioral Research, Cilt.42, No:1, 185-227.
  • Rainey, H. G., (1979), “Perceptions of Incentives in Business and Government: Implications for Civil Service Reform”, Pub. Adm. Review, Cilt.39, No:5, 440-448.
  • Rainey, H. G., (1982). “Reward Preferences among Public and Private Managers: In Search of the Service Ethic”, American Review of Public Administration, Cilt.16, No:4, 288-302. Rainey, H. G., Backoff, R. W., Levine, C. H., (1976). “Comparing Public and Private Organizations”, Pub. Adm. Review, Cilt.36, No:2, 182-201.
  • Rainey, G. Hal, and Steinbauer, P., (1999). “Galloping Elephants: Developing Elements of a theory of Effective Government Organizations”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.9, No:1, 1-32.
  • Rosenhan, D., (1970). “The Natural Socialization of Altruistic Autonomy”, (ed.) J. Macaulay and L. Berkowitz, Altruism and Helping Behavior 251-268, Academic Press, New York.
  • Rotolo, T., Wilson, J., (2006). “Employment Sector and Volunteering: The Contribution of Nonprofit and Public Sector Workers to the Volunteer Labour Force”, Sociol. Q, Cilt.47, No:1, 21-40.
  • Schede, J., (2011). “Public Service Motivation & Prosocial Behavior: Do Public Sector Employees Practice What They Preach?” Presented at the 11th National Public Management Research Conference, Maxwell School of Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, June 2-4, 2011
  • Scherer, R.F., Wiebe, F.A., Luther, D.C., Adams, J.S., (1988). “Dimensionality of Coping: Factor Stability Using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire”, Psychological Reports, Cilt.62, No:3, 763-770.
  • Schneider, B., (1987). “The People Make the Place”, Personnel Psychology, Cilt.40, 437-453.
  • Simon, H.A., (1990). “Invariants of Human Behavior”, Annual Review of Psychology, Cilt.41, 1-19.
  • Tabachnick, B., Fidell, L., (2012). “Using Multivariate Statistics”, Pearson, USA.
  • Taylor, J., (2008). “Organizational Influences, Public Service Motivation and Work Outcomes: An Australian Study”, International Public Management Journal, Cilt.11, No:1, 67-88.
  • Taylor, J.K., Clerkin, R.M., (2011). “PSM and Political Action in Undergraduates”, Politics & Policy, Cilt.39, No:5, 715-740.
  • Trivers, R. L., (1971) “The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism”, Quarterly Review of Biology, Cilt.46, 35-57.
  • Trivers, R. L., (2010). “The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism”. In T. Nadelhoffer, E. Nahmias, S. Nichols (Eds). Moral Psychology: Historical and contemporary readings (pp. 124-134). UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Tschirhart, M., Reed, K., Freeman, S. J., & Anker, A. L., (2008). “Is the Grass Greener? Sector Shifting and Choice of Sector by MPA and MBA Graduates”, Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Cilt.37, No:4, 668-688.
  • Wright, B. E., Christensen, R. K., (2011). “The Effects of Public Service Motivation on Job Choice Decisions: Disentangling the Contributions of Person-Organization Fit and Person-Job Fit”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Cilt.21, No.4: 723-743.
  • Yavuzer, N., (2017). “Bir Prososyal Davranış Kaynağı Olarak Özgeci Motivasyonun İlgili Alan Yazını Işığında Değerlendirilmesi”, Hasan Ali Yücel Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt.14-1, No.27, 105-126.