ULUSLARARASI HUKUKTA HAKKANİYETİN NORMATİF NİTELİĞİ

Teknik bir bakış açısı ile yaklaşılmadığında hukuk, adalet ve hakkaniyet kavramlarının her biri bir diğeri ışığında tanımlanacaktır. Oysa hukuk ve hakkaniyet arasındaki bağ, teknik hukuk eğitimi almış ve özellikle pozitivist ekolün rahle-i tedrisinden geçmiş hukukçu için bu kadar kuvvetli olmayabilir. Zira pozitivist hukukçunun temel aldığı hukuk tanımı uyarınca hukukun amacı adaleti sağlamak değil, hukuk kişileri arasında var olan ilişkileri düzenlemektir. Bu tespit uluslararası hukuk için de geçerlidir. Nitekim uluslararası hukukta hakkaniyetin normatif niteliği geçmişte olduğu kadar günümüzde de ciddi tartışmalara sebebiyet vermekte ve önemli fikir ayrılıklarının konusunu teşkil etmektedir. Söz konusu çalışma hakkaniyetin uluslararası hukuk çatısı altında normatif bir nitelik taşıyıp taşımadığını, daha açık bir ifade ile bir uluslararası hukuk kaynağı olup olmadığını tartışmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, uluslararası hukukta hakkaniyetin mahiyeti, içeriği ve türleri incelenmekte, hakkaniyetin bir uluslararası hukuk kaynağı olup olmadığı sorunsalında yol gösterici nitelikteki uluslararası içtihada değinilmekte ve hakkaniyetin bağımsız bir uluslararası hukuk kaynağı olarak kabul edilmesinin doğuracağı sonuçlar değerlendirilmektedir.

The Normative Character of Equity in International Law

When approached from a non-technical perspective, the concepts of law, justice and equity are defined each in light of the other. However, the link between law and equity are not so strong for legal professionals, especially for those who have passed through the filter of positivism. Since, according to the definition of law that positivists base themselves on, the purpose of law is not to ensure justice, but to regulate the relations between the subjects of law. This consideration is also valid for public international law. Indeed, as in the past, the normative nature of equity in international law continue to constitute the subject of serious debates and gives rise to major differences of opinion. This paper strives to assess whether equity has a normative character in international law, in other words, whether it constitutes a source of international law. In this context, this paper observes the nature, the content and the types of equity under international law, and analyzes the international jurisprudence and examines the possible consequences that would result in case equity is accepted as an independent international law source.

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