Analysis of the Equity of Health Care Financing System in Turkey

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) mainly aims to build a health system that health care is provided to everyone when they need without creating financial burden personally. In this study firstly the theoretical framework about equity in a health finance system is elaborated. In order to measure the equity in the finance of health care and to discuss the consequences of the reforms, Turkish case is used by comparing the relevant data for 2010 and 2016. In the period of concern, several measures taken in order to improve Turkish health system, and the period of 6 years is determined to be long enough to capture the achievements. The literature on the measurement of equity in health finance has been built especially by focusing on the inequality measurement. In order to assess the equity, generally Kakwani index (K) is used which incorporates the findings of both gini coefficient and concentration index. In this framework, Kakwani indexes are calculated for 2010 and 2016 by using Turkish data. It is determined that out-of-pocket payments are regressivewhich mean that the share of health care payments contributed by the poor is more than their share of ability to pay. However, the degree of regressivity has been reduced in 2016 as compared to 2010, as Kakwani index increased to -0,1209 from -0,1400. Theresults indicate that despite the deterioration in income distribution, the equity in health finance increased in Turkey during the period 2010-2016 by the reforms undertaken.

Türkiye’de Sağlık Bakım Finans Sisteminin Hakkaniyetinin İncelenmesi

Evrensel Sağlık İçeriği temel olarak tüm bireylerin kişisel olarak finansal sıkıntı yaşamadan ihtiyaç duydukları sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşmaları hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışmadailk olarak bir sağlık finansmanı sisteminin hakkaniyetine ilişkin teorik yapı incelenmiştir. Sağlık hizmetlerinin finansmanındaki hakkaniyetin ölçülmesi ve reformların etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Türkiye bir vaka olarak kullanımıştır. Bu amaçla2010 ve 2016 yıllarındaki verileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Sözkonusu dönemde, Türk sağlık sistemini iyileştirmek amacıyla birçok düzenleme gerçekleştirilmiş olup, 6 yıllık dönembu düzenlemelerin etkisinin belirlenmesine yönelik olarak yeterli birzaman dilimiolarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sağlık finansmanının hakkaniyetinin ölçümüne ilişkin literatür özellikleeşitsizliğin ölçümüne yönelik olarak Yapılan çalışmalardan oluşmaktadır. Hakkaniyet derecesini ölçmek amacıyla genellikle Kakwani endeksi( K )kullanılmaktadır. Bu endeks gini katsayısı ve konsantrasyon endeksinin içerdiği bilgileri kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da Türkiye verileri kullanılarak 2010 ve 2016 yılları için Kakwani endeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Hasta tarafından yapılan ödemelerin azaltıcı nitelikte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Böylelikle, düşük gelir grubunun sağlık hizmeti ödemelerinin ödeme güçlerinin üstünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, Kakwaniendeksinin -0,14’den -0,1209’a düşmesi,bu azalmanın 2016 yılında 2010 yılına göre gerilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum, gelir dağılımındaki bozulmalara rağmen 2010-2016 döneminde uygulanan yenilikçi politikaların sağlık harcamalarının hakkaniyetiniartırdığını göstermektedir.

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Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics-Cover
  • ISSN: 2667-5625
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2006
  • Yayıncı: ASOS Eğitim Bilişim Danışmanlık Otomasyon Yayıncılık Reklam Sanayi ve Ticaret LTD ŞTİ