Salih ÜLGER, Erkan ERGÜLEN, Nejat ÖZİLBEY, Mücahit Taha ÖZKAYA

Molecular characterization of some selected wild olive (Olea oleaster L.) ecotypes grown in Turkey

Karadelice olarak adlandırılan yabani zeytin, alt tür oleaster; düzensiz büyüme gösteren dikenli dallara sahip bodur agaç veya çalı formundadır. Genç yapraklar, koyu grimsi-yesil renkli üst ve açık renkli alt yüzeye sahip, sürgün üzerinde bir birine karsılıklı olarak dizilmistir. Genellikle bodur anaç olarak kullanılmaktadır ancak bazı önemli zeytin çesitleri ile ası uyusmazlıgı bulunmaktadır. Karadelicelerin ender bulundugu yerlerden biri olan İzmir’e 20km mesafedeki Kayadibi köyünden bazı karadeliceler seçilmistir. Bu ekotiplerin RAPD-PCR teknigi ile moleküler tanımlamaları yapılmıstır. Bodur anaç olarak kullanılabilirligi nedeniyle bazı önemli zeytin çesitleri ile iliskileri de analiz edilmistir. Bu nedenle öncelikle zeytinyagı üretimi için en önemli zeytin çesidi olan Ayvalık çesidi kullanılmıstır. Ayvalık çesidinin KD-8 ekotipi ile %97 oranında benzerlik göstermesi anaç-çesit ası uyusabilirligini de gösterebilir. Çalısmanın ikinci kısmında karsılastırma önemli bir yaglık zeytin çesidi olan Memecik ile önemli bir sofralık zeytin çesidi olan Tavsan Yüregi ile yapılmıstır. Memecik ve Tavsan Yüregi çesitleri %100 benzerlik göstermis olmaları, her ikisinin de KD-3 ve KD-8 ekotipleri ile ası uyusabilirligini gösterebilir. Her iki çalısmada da Kayadibi-İzmir’de yetisen dokuz karadelice ekotipi içinde, en düsük seviyede morfolojik farklılık gösteren ve karıstırılanlarda genetik bazda benzerlik bulunmustur.

Türkiye'de yetişen bazı seçilmiş karadelice (Olea oleaster L.) ekotiplerinin moleküler tanımlaması

The wild olive subspecies oleaster called “Karadelice” in Turkish is a small tree or bush of rather irregular growth, with thorny branches and oppositely positioned oblong pointed leaves, dark grayishgreen on the leaf surface and, in the early growth state, hoary on the lower surface with whitish scales. Generally, it is used as a dwarf rootstock; however, it has some grafting incompatibility with certain important olive cultivars. Some wild olive plants were selected from the village Kayadibi, 20 km distant from the city of İzmir in Turkey. This region is a very unique place for this type of wild olive. These ecotypes were differentiated by molecular markers using RAPD-PCR. Since they can be used as a dwarf rootstock, the correlations with some important olive cultivars were analyzed. For that reason Ayvalık cv, which is the most important olive cultivar for olive oil production was used primarily. Since Ayvalık cv and KD-8 are 97% similar, it was expected that they may have grafting compability. In the second part of the study, the comparison were done with Memecik and Tavsan Yüregi cultivars which are important olive oil and table olive cultivars, respectively. Since Memecik and Tavsan Yüregi were 100% similar therefore, it was considered that they may have more grafting compability with oleasters KD-3 and KD-8. Both studies were carried out to find similarities in 9 olive oleasters growing at Kayadibi of İzmir province which are said to have confused and low level morphologic variations in their features.

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