Trying to Impose the Reforms in the Periphery: Actions and Reactions to the Tanzimat in Cyprus The Case of the Muhassıl Mehmet Talat

Kıbrısta, 18. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren Osmanlı Devletinin çeşitli bölgelerinde yerel elit sınıfların kademeli olarak oluşmasına paralel olarak, özel bir elit sınıf şekillenmeye başladı. Kıbrıstaki bu elit sınıf, adanın her iki dini topluluğunun bireylerinden oluşmaktaydı. Reformlar öncesindeki dönemde, Osmanlı Kıbrısındaki yönetici sınıf, gerek adanın idaresindeki Müslüman memurlar gerekse varlıklı Ortodoks din adamları ya da din adamı olmayan Ortodokslardan oluşmaktaydı. Muhassıl Mehmet Talat (1840-1841) döneminin incelenmesinden, gerek reformların uygulanmasına gerekse de geriye adım atılmasına ilişkin olarak yerel elitin belirleyici bir rolü olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Makalenin ana amacı, bir yandan Hatt-ı Şerifin ilânından hemen sonra Tanzimat reformlarının Osmanlı Devletinin taşrasındaki bir ada olarak Kıbrısta yarattığı durumu aydınlatmak, öbür yandan da reformların yarattığı tepkileri ve bu tepkilerin kaynağı olan toplumun kesimlerini tespit etmektedir. Ayrıca Babıâlinin reform süreci bağlamında, bu sürecin ortaya çıkardığı başarılar ve zorluklar analiz edilecektir. Buna ek olarak, makalenin amacı, reformların uygulanmasına yönelik alınan ilk tedbirlerin adada büyük bir huzursuzluk ve adanın iki dini topluluğu arasında bir gerginlik havası yaratmasına neden olduğunu göstermektir.

Reformların Taşrada Uygulanmaya Çalışılması: Kıbrısta Tanzimata İlişkin Tepkiler ve Karşı Tepkiler Muhassıl Mehmet Talat Vakası

As in other areas of the Ottoman Empire where local elite classes had gradually developed, from the mid-18th century onwards, particular elite that included individuals from both religious communities had developed in Cyprus as well. Muslim officers of the local administration as well as wealthy Orthodox, both laymen and clergy, constituted the ruling class of Ottoman Cyprus before the reforms. As will emerge through analysis of the period of muhassıl Mehmet Talat (1840-1841), the role of the local elite is particularly decisive, both in relation to efforts to implement changes as well as steps taken backwards. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the predominant climate in Cyprus, an island on the Ottoman periphery, during the first stages of the Tanzimat reforms immediately after the proclamation of firman (Hatt-i Şerif) as well as, to record reactions to the reforms and the groups from which these reactions originated. Highlighting the details of this climate might clarify the difficulties that the Sublime Porte faced in its effort to directly implements reformative measures. It will also help to demonstrate the Sublime Portes will to achieve this through directions contained in the documents sent to the island and also to show the setbacks which occurred during this effort. Additionally, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the first attempt for reforms on the island led to an intense unrest and to a climate of tension between the religious communities.

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