Avrupa birliği ülkeleri ve Türkiye’de Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine yönelik vergi teşvikleri ve bunların karşılaştırmalı analizi

Piyasa başarısızlığı nedeniyle eksik kalan Ar-Ge yatırımlarını teşvik etmek amacıyla devletler bazı teşvik araçları kullanırlar. Bunlardan birisi de vergi teşvikleridir. Pek çok Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkesinde de Ar-Ge vergi teşvikleri uygulanmaktadır. Ar-Ge vergi teşvikleri; Vergi Ertelemeleri, Vergi İndirimleri, Vergi Kredileri ve Genişletilmiş Teşvik araçlarından oluşmaktadır. AB ülkelerinin çoğunda Ar-Ge vergi teşvik sisteminin Kurumlar Vergisi üzerine kurulduğu ve teşvik mekanizması olarak da daha ziyade vergi kredileri ve vergi indirimlerinin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. AB’nin aday ülkesi konumunda olan Türkiye son yıllarda yaptığı düzenlemelerle Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine yönelik önemli sayılabilecek vergisel teşvikler sağlamıştır. Türkiye’de sistem vergi indirimi üzerine kurulmuştur.

Tax incentives for R&D activities in european union countries and Turkey, and their comparative analysis

Due to the failure of the market, governments use some incentive instruments in order to encourage investments for R&D activities. One of them is the taxincentives. Many EU countries have R&D tax incentives. These incentives consist of tax deferrals, tax allowance, tax credits and, extended incentives. Tax incentives for R&D in many EU countries based on corporate tax. The most used tax incentives for R&D in EU countries are tax credits and tax allowance. Turkey, a candidate country of EU, has provided significant tax incentives for R&D activities via the regulations in recent years. Turkish tax incentive schema for R&D activity is based upon tax allowance.

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