Artan getiriler ve iktisadi coğrafya

Bu çalışma, bir ülkenin içsel olarak tarımsal bir “çevre” ve endüstriyel bir “merkez” haline dönüşmesi ile ilgili basit bir model geliştirmektedir. Üretim şirketleri, ölçek ekonomilerini gerçekleştirmek amacıyla ulaşım maliyetlerini minimize ederken daha yüksek talebin olduğu bölgeye yerleşme eğilimindedir. Ancak talebin konumu ise üretimin dağılımına bağlıdır. Bir merkez-çevre yapısının oluşması ise ulaşım maliyetlerine, ölçek ekonomilerine ve üretimin ulusal gelir içindeki payına bağlıdır.

Increasing returns and economic geography

This paper develops a simple model that shows how a country can endogenously become differentiated into an industrialized “core” and an agricultural “periphery.” In order to realize scale economies while minimizing transport costs, manufacturing firms tend to locate in the region with larger demand, but the location of demand itself depends on the distribution of manufacturing. Emergence of a core-periphery pattern depends on transportation costs, economies of scale, and the share of manufacturing in national income.

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