Okul Yönetiminde Beklentilerin Gücü: Pygmalion Etkisi

Bu çalışma ile bireylerin çevresindekilere ilişkin oluşturdukları beklenti ve düşüncelerinin onların davranışlarını etkilediği görüşüyle ortaya çıkan pygmalion etkisinin, ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin görüşleri alınarak okul ortamındaki yansımasını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın amacına ulaşılabilmesi için karma yöntem tasarımlarından üçgenleme (triangulation) tekniği kullanılmıştır. Verileri elde etmek amacıyla likert tarzında 18 maddeden oluşan beşli derecelendirme şeklinde hazırlanmış bir ölçek ve iki açık uçlu sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Ölçek Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Eğitim Yönetimi Teftişi Planlaması ve Ekonomisi Anabilimdalı’nda tezsiz yüksek lisans öğrenimi gören 25 yöneticinin görev yaptıkları okullarda çalışan öğretmenlerin görüşleri alınmak üzere uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen nicel veriler ve nitel veriler istatistik programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucu elde edilen bulgular eğitim alanında da pygmalion etkisinin gerçekliği ve doğruluğunu açığa çıkarmakta, yüksek beklentinin öğretmelerin motivasyon, çaba, etkin çalışma ve işlerine olan bağlılıklarının yanı sıra işe karşı duydukları isteklerinin artmasına ortam hazırlayacağı; yüksek beklentinin genelde yüksek performansı ortaya çıkaracağı, düşük beklentilerin ise, çalışanlar üzerinde bıraktığı olumsuz etki sebebiyle motivasyonda azalma, yapılan işe karşı isteksizlik ve bunun sonucunda performansta düşüklük veya stabilite gözlemlenebileceğini göstermektedir.

The Power of Expectations in School Management: Pygmalion Effect

This study aims to discover the pygmalion effect, which suggests to affect a person's expectationsfrom other people on the actions of those people, by taking the opinions of primary schoolteachers. In order for the study to reach its goal, triangulation technique, which is a mixed methoddesign, has been used. A likert-type five-point scale made up of 18 items and a semi-structuredinterview form comprising two open-ended questions have been used to acquire data. The scalehas applied to take the opinions of teachers working at the schools administered by 25 managersmastering in a postgraduate program without thesis at the Education Management InspectionPlanning and Economy Department of Fırat University Institute of Education Sciences. Thequantitative and qualitative data acquired have been analyzed by means of statistical softwares. Ithas been concluded from the findings acquired from teachers’ views reveal the reality andaccuracy of pygmalion effect in the field of education, and show that high expectations pave theway for teachers’ motivation, effort, active working, commitment as well as the growth of theirenthusiasm. It is seen that high expectations will generally reveal high performance, while lowexpectations, due to their negative effects on employees, will cause decrease in motivation as wellas unwillingness towards the job being done and therefore, a decline or stability in performance.

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