TÜRKİYE’DE TOPLUMSAL DEĞİŞİM VE ÖZNELLİK

Toplumsal değişim ve öznellik arasındaki ilişki sosyal bilimciler tarafından çokça çalışılmış olsa da bu ilişkinin süreçleri üzerine odaklanan çalışmaların sayısı kısıtlıdır. Literatürdeki bu eksikliğe cevap vermek amacıyla, bu araştırmada, birey odaklı ahlaki sistemin Türkiye’de yaygınlaşması, gelenekselleşmiş aile odaklılığın devamı ve alternatif ahlaki/eylemlilik oryantasyonlarının ortaya çıkışı, senaryolara dayalı anket yöntemiyle çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar Türkiye’de sosyoekonomik statü, eğitim ve dindarlık seviyelerinin, öznelliğin inşasında rol oynayan en önemli aracı faktörler olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçların Türkiye’nin toplumsal değişimi çerçevesinde yorumlanması bize küreselleşmenin bireysel boyutlarına dair ipucu vermektedir: Batılı değerlerin Türkiye’de yaygınlaşması toplumun iyi eğitimli, üst katmanlarından başlamaktadır. Bu analiz, globalleşme sürecinde sosyokültürel bağlamlara ulaşan yeni varoluş biçimlerinin içerisinde aktif olarak yer almanın, bireyin öznelliğinin dönüşümünün önemli parçalarından biri olduğuna işaret etmiştir. Ayrıca bireyin toplumsal değişim içerisindeki rolünü vurgulamıştır

SOCIAL CHANGE AND SUBJECTIVITY IN TURKEY

Notwithstanding the long-lasting social scientific interest in social change and subjectivity, only a handful of studies focus on the actual processes of the relationship. This research explores these processes through a vignette-based survey research of the permeation of the Western ideal of individualism, persistence of traditional family orientation, and presence of alternative moral/agentive orientations within Turkish society. Results indicate socioeconomic status, education, and religiosity as the chief mediating factors of the constitution of subjectivity in Turkey. Interpretation of these results in relation to Turkish sociohistorical transformation provides insight into the personal dimensions of globalization: the diffusion of Western values in Turkish context begins from the better educated, upper strata of the society. The analysis emphasizes active participation in the novel system as an important component of transformation of subjectivity and assesses the role of individuals in social change.

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