Unilever Knorr'un Türkiye Pazarı İçin Ürün Kararlarında Uyguladığı Stratejilerin Standardizasyon ve Adaptasyon Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi

Yurt dışı pazarlarda faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin, müşteri memnuniyetini öncelik sayarak geliştirdiği ürün stratejileri, ürün standardizasyonunu ve adaptasyonunu kapsamaktadır. Stratejiler, farklı dinamikleri içeren uluslararası pazar çevresinin etkisi altında şekillenmektedir. Pazarlama yöneticileri, hitap ettikleri ülkelerdeki çeşitli faktörleri detaylı bir şekilde analiz ederek standardizasyon ve adaptasyon kullanımında derecelendirmeye gitmektedir. İşletmelerin özellikle son yıllarda küresel pazarlarda ürün kararlarını verirken uyguladıkları stratejinin "küresel düşünüp yerel hareket etmek (glokal yaklaşım)" şeklinde olduğu görülmektedir. Küresel pazarlarda faaliyette bulunan birçok işletme, benimsedikleri bu yaklaşım sayesinde pazardaki etkinliklerini ve paylarını sürekli olarak arttırmakta, başarıyı yakalamakta ve kazanan olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacı da, küresel pazarda önemli bir yere sahip olarak dünyanın en büyük hızlı tüketim ürünleri işletmelerinden biri olan Unilever'in, gıda sektöründe başarılı bir seyir izleyen markası Knorr hazır çorba ile ürün stratejileri bakımından Türkiye pazarında uyguladığı faaliyetlerinin standardizasyon ve adaptasyon çerçevesinde incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. İşletmenin iki üst düzey yöneticisi ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeden elde edilen bulgular göstermektedir ki; Knorr, Türkiye pazarındaki hazır çorba ürünleri için hem adaptasyon hem de standardizasyon uygulamalarına yer vererek ürün stratejileri açısından karma bir yaklaşım olan glokalizasyonu uygulamaktadır.

Evaluation Within the Scope of Standardization and Adaptation of the Product Decisions Strategies Implemented by Unilever Knorr in the Turkish Market

The various product strategies that businesses operating in international markets have developed by prioritizing customer satisfaction also includes the product standardization and adaptation strategies. These strategies are shaped by the influence of the international market environment, which involves a different set of dynamics. Marketing managers take decisions concerning the extent to which standardization and adaptation will be utilized by first conducting detailed analyses regarding the various factors associated with the countries they are trying to appeal to. In recent years, the strategy mainly adopted by businesses when taking product decision in global markets is the "think global act local" approach - in other words, the glocal approach. Owing to the approach, many businesses operating in global markets are able to continuously increase their effectiveness and share in markets, and to thereby become winners through successful efforts. In this context, the aim of this study was to examine and evaluate, within the scope of standardization and adaptation, the product strategies implemented in the Turkish market by Knorr, a successful brand in the food industry, for its dry soup products. Knorr is also one of the businesses of Unilever, a company that occupies an important place in the global market, and also represents the world's largest fast moving consumer good company. Data obtained during the study through in-depth interviews performed with two senior managers of the company have shown that Knorr adopts the mixed approach known as glocalization for its dry soup products, which involves a combination of both adaptation and standardization.

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