ŞENOL ÇAVUŞ, CÜNEYT TOKMAK, Nasiykat MAMBETOVA

Empowerment Perceptions of Employees in Hotel Enterprises

The concept of empowerment, which is applicable for any social group that the person belongs to, is an essential phenomenon for continuity and success of the organization. The main purpose of this study is to determine the empowerment perceptions of employees in hotel industry. The research was conducted in four and five star hotels that operate in the city of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, and 170 employees were reached at those hotels. Empowerment perceptions of the employees were measured using the scales "Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, CWEQ-II" and "Psychological Empowerment Scale, PES". As a result of factor analysis made on the scales, it was observed that structural empowerment and psychological empowerment perceptions were grouped into three sub-dimensions. And in comparisons based on demographic factors; it was observed that perceptions of empowerment have clearly differentiated according to level of education, level of income, hotel class, tourism education position, employee position.

PDF

___

ALBAR, Maria Jesus, RAMIREZ, Manuel Garcia, JIMENEZ, Ana Maria Lopez, and GARRIDO, Rocio (2012). Spanish Adaptation of Psyclological Empowerment in the Workplace, The Spanish Journal of Psyclology, Vol. 15, No. 2, 793-800.

CHOUDHURY, Anuva, and GIRI, D.V. (2013). Employee Empowerment: The Rourkele Steel Plant Experience, The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 48, No. 4, 634-650.

ÇAVUŞ, Mustafa Fedai (2008). Personel Güçlendirme: İmalat Sanayii İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma, Journal of Yaşar University, 3(10), 1287-1300.

ÇÖL, Güner (2008). Algılanan Güçlendirmenin İşgören Performansı Üzerine Etkisi, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 9 (1), 35-46.

FERNANDEZ, Sergio and MOLDOGAZIEV, Tima (2013). Employee Empowerment, Emploee Attitudes. and Performance: Testing a Casual Model, Public Administration Review, Vol. 73. Iss. 3, 490-506.

KARAKOÇ, Nihat (2007). Ulusan Kalite Ödülüne Başvuran Büyük Ölçekli İşletmelerdeki İşgöreni Güçlendirme Düzeyini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Öneri, Cilt: 7, Sayı: 28, 9-18.

KHANY, Reza and TAZIK, Khalil (2015). On the Relationship Between Psychological Empowerment, Trust, and Iranian EFL Teachers' Job Satisfaction: The Case of Secondary School Teachers, Journal of Career Assessment, 1-18.

KIRST-ASHMAN, Karen K. (2008). Human Behavior, Communities, Organizations, and Groups in the Macro Social Environment, An Empowerment Approach, Thomson, Brooks/Cole, USA.

KOÇEL, Tamer (2011). İşletme Yöneticiliği, 13. Baskı, Beta, İstanbul.

MANOR, James (2004). Democratization with Inclusion: Political Reforms and People's Empowerment at the Grassroots, Journal of Human Development, Vol. 5, No. 1, 5-29.

LEACH, Desmond J., WALL, Toby D., and JACKSON, Paul R. (2003). The Effect of Empowerment on Job Knowledge: An Empirical Test Involving Operators of Complex Technology, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 27-52.

LEECH, N.L., BARRETT, K.C., and MORGAN, G.A. (2005). SPSS for Intermediate Statistics: Use and Interpretation, 2nd Edition, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.

LOGAN, Mary S. and GANSTER, Daniel C. (2007). The Effects of Empowerment on Attitudes and Performance: The Role of Social Support and Empowerment Beliefs, Journal of Management Studies, 44:8, 1523-1550.

NARAYAN, Deepa (2002). Empowerment and Poverty Reduction, A Sourcebook, The World Bank, Washington, DC.

PELİT, Elbeyi ve ÖZTÜRK, Yüksel (2011). Otel İşletmeleri İşgörenlerinin Davranışsal ve Psikolojik Güçlendirme Algılamalarındaki Farklılıklar, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt: 7, Sayı: 7, 1-28,

PETERSON, N. Andrew and SPEER, Paul W. (2000). Linking Organizational Characteristics to Psychological Empowerment, Administration in Social Work, Vol. 24 (4), 39-58.

PIETERSE, Anne Nederveen, KNIPPENBERG, Daan Van, SCHIPPERS, Michaella, and STAM, Daan (2010). Transformational and Transactional Leadership and Innovative Behavior: The Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 609-623.

PIGG, Kenneth E. (2002). Three Faces of Empowerment: Expanding the Theory of Empowerment in Community Development, Journal of Community Development Society, Vol: 33, No: 1, 107-123.

PRATI, Gabrieleand ZANI, Bruna (2013). The Relationship Between Psychological Empowerment and Organizational Identification, Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 41, No. 7, 851-866.

ROBBINS, Stephen P. (1996). Organizational Behavior, Concepts, Controversies, Applications, Seventh Edition, Prentice-Hall International, China.

ROMAN, Maria J. Jaimez and BRETONES, Francisco D. (2013). Spanish Adaptation of the Structural Empoverment Scale, Spanish Journal of Psychology, 16, 15, 1-7.

SCHWAHN, Charles and SPADY, William (2010). Total Leaders2.0, Leading in the Age of Empowerment, Rowman&Littlefield Education, USA.

SCOTT, Cynthia D. and JAFFE, Dennis T. (1991). Empowerment: Building a Committed Workplace, Fifty Minute Series, California.

SÜRGEVİL, Olca, TOLAY, Ebru ve TOPOYAN, Mert (2013). Yapısal Güçlendirme ve Psikolojik Güçlendirme Ölçeklerinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Analizleri, Journal of Yasar University, 8 (31), 5371-5391.

STEWART, Frances (2005). Groups and Capabilities, Journal of Human Development, Vol. 6, No. 2, 185-204.

SWAI, Elinami Veraeli (2010). Beyond Women Empowerment in Africa, Exploring Dislocation and Agency, Palgrave Mecmillan, New York.

WELZEL, Christian (2013). Freedom Rising, Human Empowerment and the Quest for Emancipation, Cambridge University Press, New York.