Meyve-Sebze İşleme Endüstrisinde Kitosan Kullanımı

Kitosan, kitinin kısmi deasetilasyonuyla elde edilen, glukozamin ve N-asetil glukozamin kopolimerini içeren, modifiye ve doğal bir karbonhidrat polimeridir. Mikrobiyel bir polisakkarit olan kitosan, meyve-sebze endüstrisinde, bakteriyosidal ve fungisidal özellik göstererek antimikrobiyel madde görevi görmesinin yanı sıra, yenilebilir film oluşturma, meyve sularının asitliğini azaltma, durultma yardımcı maddesi, esmerleşmeyi önleyici ve renk koruyucu olarak da kullanılmaktadır. Doğada bulunan kaynaklardan elde edilebilen bir biyopolimer olan kitosan, canlılara karşı toksik özelliğinin olmaması, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği, biyouyumluluğu, kimyasal ve fiziksel özellikleri bakımından diğer biyopolimerlere göre üstün özellikler göstermesi nedeniyle meyve-sebze endüstrisi için geniş kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu derlemede, gıda sanayi için henüz yaygın kullanımı bulunmayan kitosanın meyve-sebze işleme endüstrisindeki kullanım alanları özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kitosan, mikrobiyel polisakkarit, meyve-sebze işleme endüstrisi

Chitosan in the Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industry (Turkish with English Abstract)

Chitosan is a modified and natural carbohydrate polymer which is obtained from the partial deacetylation of chitin, and includes the copolymer of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine. Chitosan, which is a microbial polysaccharide, is used as an antimicrobial agent for its bacteriocidal and fungicidal functions. In addition to these properties, it is also used for edible film-forming, reducing the acidity of fruit juices, fining agent, browning inhibitor, and color preservative in the fruit and vegetable industry. Chitosan as a biopolymer can be obtained from many natural sources, has a wide application area in the fruit and vegetable industry due to its non-toxic properties involving living organisms, its biodegradability, biocompatibility, chemical, and physical properties because it shows superior features compared to the other biopolymers. In this review, the use of chitosan, which has not been used as a widespread application in the fruit and vegetable processing industry, will be summarized.

Keywords:

Chitosan, microbial polysaccharide, fruit and vegetable processing industry,

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