Gıda Kaynaklı Antihipertensif Peptitlerin Biyoyararlılığı, Üretimi Ve İlaç Olarak Kullanım Olanakları

Kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklar, obezite, hipertansiyon, diyabet ve kanser gibi birçok hastalıkların görülme sıklığı besinsel faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Son yıllarda gıda kaynaklı proteinlerden meydana gelen biyolojik aktif peptitlerin insan sağlığına yararlı etkileri ile ilgili olarak kapsamlı birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Biyoaktif peptit olarak bilenen bu protein parçaları ya gastrointestinal sindirim sırasında ya da starter mikroorganizmalar tarafından yapılan fermantasyon veya olgunlaşma yoluyla gıda işlenme sırasında açığa çıkarlar. Biyoaktif peptitler kardiyovasküler, sindirim, immun ve sinir sistemi gibi vücudun başlıca sistemlerini etkileyen antimikrobiyal, antioksidan, antitrombik, antihipertensif, bağışıklık sistemini düzenleyen aktiviteler sergilerler. Farklı grup biyoaktif peptitler arasında bulunan ACE inhibitörleri, hipertansiyonun yaygın olarak görüldüğü batılı ülkelerde ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Hipertansiyonun engellenmesinde beslenme faktörü oldukça önemli bir role sahiptir. Yapılan çalışmalar antihipertensif peptitleri taşıyan gıdaların tüketilmesiyle kan basıncında önemli oranda düşme olduğunu göstermiştir, bu yüzden antihipertensif aktiviteye sahip yeni gıdaların üretimi gün geçtikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Söz konusu peptitlerin endüstriyel uygulaması sırasında; gıda içine katılım şekli, duyusal özelliklere katkısı, depolama ve gıda işleme sırasında stabiliteleri göz önüne alınmalıdır. Bu makalede süt proteini bazlı antihipertensif etkili peptitlerin yapıları, biyoyararlılıkları ve ilaç olarak kullanım olanakları değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyokatif peptitler, antihipertensif peptitler, proteoliz

Bioavailability, Production and Possibility of Alternative to Drug of Food-Derived Antihypertensive Peptides (Turkish with English Abstract)

Prevalence of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and even cancer, was affected by dietary factors. Recently there are many comprehensive studies about bioactive peptides formed by food-derived proteins which are the beneficial effects to human health. Those protein particles known as bioactive peptides are released either by digestive enzymes during gastrointestinal transition or by fermentation or ripening during food processing by the way of microorganisms such as starters. Bioactive peptides exhibiting activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic, antihypertensive and immunomodulatory affect the major body systems like the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, immune and nervous systems. Among different bioactive peptide fractions the ACE inhibitor peptides have a particular importance in western countries in which hypertension prevalence is detected. Nutritional factor has a crucial role in preventing hypertension. Studies have shown that the consumption of foods with antihypertensive peptides decrease the blood pressure, so novel food production having antihypertensive activity is increasingly becoming important. In the industrial applications the way they are added into foods, their corporation organoleptic characteristics, and the stability in storage and food contribution to the processing should be considered. In this article, the milk protein-based of antihypertensive peptides have been investigated in terms of structure, bioavailability and usage possibilities as drug.

Keywords:

Bioactive peptides, antihypertensive peptides, proteolysis,

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