Ömer KIZIL, Murat KARAHAN, Songül ÇERİBAŞI

Listeriyozisli koyunlarda klinik, patolojik ve mikrobiyolojik bulgular

Bu çalışmada, listeriyozisli koyunlarda klinik, patolojik ve mikrobiyolojik bulguların bildirilmesi amaçlandı. Çalışma materyalini, anamnezde sinirsel belirtiler ve ölüm görüldüğü bildirilen, silajla beslenen bir sürüden 25 adet koyun oluşturdu. Hasta hayvanlarda klinik olarak sinirsel semptomlar, iştahsızlık, yavru atma, konjuktivitis, depresyon gibi bulgular saptandı. Hasta koyunlarda kan, yem, süt ve dışkı örnekleri alındı. Biyokimyasal parametreler, koyunlar için bildirilen referans değerler arasında saptandı. Şiddetli klinik bulgu gösteren 3 koyunda nekropsi yapılarak, beyin ve medulla spinalis’ten alınan doku örneklerinde PCR işlemi uygulandı. Özellikle beyinde, ponsta, medulla oblongata’da ve gri maddede önemli histopatolojik değişimlere rastlandı. Üç koyuna ait beyin örneklerinden Listeria Isolation Medium (Oxford formülasyonu) agarda siyah koloni oluşturan Listeria spp. şüpheli izolatlar elde edildi. Kültür pozitif örneklerin tür spesifik PCR analizinde tüm izolatlar L. monocytogenes olarak identifiye edildi.

The clinical, pathological and microbiological findings in sheep with listeriosis

The aim of this study was to report the clinical, pathological and microbiological findings in the sheep with listeriosis. Twenty-five sheep that had neurological symptoms and mortality constitued the material of the study. The clinically anorexia, abortus, conjuctivitis, depression and neurological signs were determined in the diseased animals. The blood, feed, milk, and feces samples were taken from the sick sheep. The biochemical paramaters were between the reference values for sheep. The necropsie was carried out in three sheep, and PCR was applied to the samples of brain and spinal cord. The histopatological changes were seen especially in the brain, pons, medulla oblangata and grey matter. Listeria spp. suspected isolates, as indicated by black colonies on the Listeria Isolation Medium (Oxford formulation) agar plates were obtained from three sheep brain samples. In the analysis of culture positive samples by species-specific PCR, all isolates were identified as L. monocytogenes.

PDF

___

1. Gouly E, Mengauo J, Cossart P. The virulence gene cluster of Listeria monocyto- genes is also present in Listeria ivanovii, an animal pathogen, and Listeria seeligeri, a nonpathogenic species. Infect Immun 1994; 62: 3550- 3553.
2. Killinger AH, Mansfield ME. Epizootiology of listeric infection in sheep. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1970; 157: 1318- 1324.
3. Low JC, Wright F, McLauchlin J, et al. Serotyping and distribution of Listeria isolates from cases of ovine listeriosis. Vet Rec 1993; 133: 165-166.
4. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schrecken-Berger PC, Winn WC. Diagnostic Microbiology. 5th edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott company, 1997.
5. Aiello SE, Mays A. The Merck Veterinary Manual. 8th edition, Philadelphia: Whitehouse Station NJ, Merck and Company, 1998.
6. Radostits OM, Gay CC, Blood DC, Hinchcliff KW. Veterinary Medicine, a Textbook of the Disease of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Goats and Horses. London, United Kingdom: W.B. Saunders Company Ltd, 2000.
7. Wesley IV, Larson DJ, Harmon KM, Luchansky JB, Schwartz AR. A case report of sporadic ovine listerial meningoencephalitis in Iowa with an overview of livestock and human cases. J Vet Diagn Invest 2002; 14: 314-321.
8. Wiedmann M, Arvik T, Bruce J, et al. Investigation of a listeriosis epizootic in sheep in New York State. Am J Vet Res 1997; 58: 733-737.
9. Scott PR. A field study of ovine listerial meningoencephalitis with particular reference to cerebrospinal fluid analysis as an aid to diagnosis and prognosis. Br Vet J 1993; 149: 165-170.
10. Summers BA, Cummings JF, De Lahunta A. Veterinary Neuropathology. Mosby: St. Louis, 1995.
11. Nightingale KK, Fortes ED, Ho AJ, et al. Evaluation of farm management practices as risk factors for clinical listeriosis and fecal shedding of Listeria monocytogenes in ruminants. J Vet Med Assoc 2005; 227: 1808-1814.
12. Low JC, Donachie W. A review of Listeria monocytogenes and listeriosis. Vet J 1997; 153: 9-29.
13. Milli Ü, Hazıroğlu R. Sinir Sistemi: Veteriner Patoloji 1. Cilt. Ankara: Medipress, 2000.
14. Fenlon DR, Wilson J, Donachie W. The incidence and level of Listeria monocytogenes contamination of food sources at primary production and initial processing. J Appl Bacteriol 1996; 81: 641-650.
15. Green LE, Morgan KL. Descriptive epidemiology of Listeria meningoencephalitis in housed lambs. Prev Vet Med 1994; 18: 79-87.
16. Fenlon DR. Wild birds and silage as reservoirs of Listeria in the agricultural environment. J Appl Bacteriol 1985; 59: 537-543.
17. Wesley IV. Listeriosis in animals. In: Ryser ET, Marth EH. (Editors) Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety. Second edition, New York: Marcel Dekker 1999: 39-74.
18. Luna LG. Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968.
19. Hucker GJ, Conn HJ. Methods of Gram-staining. NY Agr Expt Sta Tech Bull, 1923; 128.
20. Border PM, Howard JJ, Plastow GS, Siggens KW. Detection of Listeria species and Listeria monocytogenes using polymerase chain reaction. Lett Appl Microbiol 1990; 11: 158-162.
21. Farber JM, Peterkin PI. Listeria monocytogenes a food borne pathogen. Microbiol Rev 1991; 55: 476-511.
22. Malik SV, Barbuddhe SB, Chaudhari SP. Listeric infections in humans and animals in the indian subcontinent: a review. Trop Anim Helat Prod 2002; 34: 359-381.
23. Hof H, Nichterlein T, Kretschmar M. Management of listeriosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 345-357.
24. Roberts AJ, Wiedemann M. Pathogen, host and environmental factors contributing to the pathogenesis of listeriosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2003; 60: 904-918.
25. Lorber B. Listeriosis. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 21: 1-9.
26. Fenlon DR. Wild birds and silage as reservoirs of Listeria in the agricultural environment. J Appl Bacteriol 1985; 59: 537-543.
27. Low JC, Donachie W. Clinical and serum antibody responses to lambs to infection by Listeria monocytogenes. Res Vet Sci 1991; 51: 185-192.
28. Dennis S. M. Listeriosis (circling disease, silage sickness). In: Howard J L (Editor). Current Veterinary Therapy. 3th edition, Philadelphia: WB Saunders company 1993: 580- 595.
29. Charlton KM, Garcia MM. Spontaneous listeric encephalitis and neuritis in sheep. Vet Pathol 1977; 14: 297-313.
30. Marco A, Ramos JA, Domı́nguez L, Domingo M, González L. Immunocytochemical detection of Listeria monocytogenes in tissue with the peroxidaseantiperoxidase technique. Vet Pathol 1988; 25: 385-387.
31. Husu JR. Epidemiological studies on the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in the feces of dairy cattle. J Vet Med [B] 1990; 37: 276-282.
32. Lida T, Kanzaki M, Maruyama T, Inoue S, Kaneuchi C. Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in intestinal contents of healthy animals in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 1991; 53: 873- 875.
33. Loeb E. Encephalitic listeriosis in ruminants: immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool. J Vet Med A 2004; 51: 453-455.
34. Olsen JE, Aabo S, Hill W, et al. Probes and polymerase chain reaction for detection of food-borne bacterial pathogens. Int J Food Microbiol 1995; 28: 1-78.