Merkeziyetçilikten hiyerarşik yönetişime: Polonya'da bölge politikaları

1989 sonrasında, Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinde önceki yıllardaki yönetimin hantallık ve verimsizlik gibi olumsuzlukları merkeziyetçi yönetim yapıları ile özdeşleştirilmekteydi. Bu yaygın kanaat ademi merkeziyetçi reformlar için uygun bir zemin sağlamasına rağmen ademi merkeziyetçilik ve bölgeselleşme yönündeki ilerlemelerin asıl itici gücü AB olmuştur. AB 1990 sonrasında üyelik başvurusunda bulunan ülkelerin uyum sürecinde bölgesel politikalar alanında reformlar yapmasını talep etmiştir ki bu dönemde başvuran bütün ülkelerde bölgesel kalkınma ajansının kurulması ve bölge kademesinin yönetim sistemine girmesi genellikle bu talebin sonucu olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinde bölgesel reformlar öncelikle ekonomik sebeplerle ve AB etkisinde şekillenmiştir ki bu makale Polonya örneği üzerinden AB etkisi altında gelişen bölgesel yapıların sınırlarını ve idari boyut kazanma sürecini irdelemeye çalışmaktadır.

Between centralization and hierarchical governance: Regional policies in Poland

In the post-1989 period, in the Central and Eastern European countries the inefficient structures of the Socialist period were perceived as the extension of centralized administration, which created a fertile sphere for regional reforms. Nonetheless the driving force behind Central and Eastern European countries regional reforms and decentralization was EU. In 1990s, during the pre accession period, EU demanded implementation of certain regional policies that the establishment of regional development agencies and introduction of region as administrative tier is generally conceived as the outcome of EU demand. In Poland, as in the case of other Central and Eastern European countries, regional policies initiated by the EU effect, on economic grounds and this paper tries to indicate the limits of regional reforms, in a centralized state, implemented primarily under the influence of EU.

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