Bir Ürün Olarak Patent ve Patent Pazarlarındaki Aracılar

Ülkelerin ekonomik kalkınmaları, günümüzde bilginin değere dönüşüm sürecin- de önemli bir rol oynayan yeniliğin ticari değer yaratması ile sağlanabilir. Bu kap- samda yeniliğin göstergelerinden biri olan patentler, tescil işlemlerinin ardından bir hakka, bu haklar ise alım satıma konu olabilecek bir ürüne dönüşmektedir. Pa- tent başvurularında ve patent tescil sayılarında dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de artış görülmektedir. Büyük firmaların baskın olduğu patent pazarlarında, pa- tent savaşları başlamış ve pazarın büyüklüğü artmış, dolayısıyla aracıların rolü çok daha önem kazanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, patent pazarlarında karşılaşı- lan aracıların bir bütün olarak ortaya konulmasıdır. Literatür taraması sonucun- da ulaşılan kaynaklardaki bütün patent aracıları şekillendirilerek bir bütün oluş- turulmaya çalışılmıştır. Patent pazarlarında faaliyette bulunan aracılar: üniversi- teler, teknoloji firmaları, patent broker’ları, patent havuzları, üretmeyen teşekkül- ler ve patent toplayıcıları’dır.

Patent as a Product and Intermediaries in the Patent Market

Today, development of national economies can be achieved by creating com- mercial value that is driven by innovation, which plays an important role in the transformation process of knowledge to value. Patents, which are among the in- dicators of innovation, transform into rights subsequent to registration. In the end, these rights become products available for purchase and sale. Patent appli- cation and registration numbers in Turkey gradually increased in recent years si- milar to world statistics. The growing patent markets, dominated by giant firms, became battlefields; consequently the role of the intermediaries came into promi- nence. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the intermediaries as a who- le in the patent market. In this context six type of intermediaries discussed in the relevant literature, which are universities, technological firms, patent brokers, pa- tent pools, non-practicing entities and patent aggregators, are explained.

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