Köpeklerde regio analis’in makro anatomik, kesitsel anatomik ve bilgisayarlı tomografik incelemesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı köpeklerde regio analis’i oluşturan anatomik yapıları farklı anatomik inceleme yöntemleri ile inceleyerek bölgeye üç farklı (diseksiyon, kesit anatomisi, bilgisayarlı tomografi) açıdan yaklaşım sergilemektir. Hernia perinealis, anal kese yangı ve fistülleri, prolapsus recti v.b klinik vakalara yeni yaklaşımlar sergilemek açısından çalışmamız önem arzetmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 12 köpek kadavrası üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Regio perinealis’in karşılaştırmalı diseksiyon çalışması 3 erkek ve 3 dişi köpek kadavrasında yapıldı. Kesit anatomisi çalışması ise 3 adet erkek ve 3 adet dişi kadavrasında icra edildi. Bir adet erkek köpek kadavramızdan regio perinealis’in bilgisayarlı tomografik görüntüleri temin edilerek çalışmamız kapsamında elde edilen görüntülere eklendi. Bulgular: Çalışmamız kapsamında regio analis üç anatomik başlık altında incelendi. Literatürde genelde şekil ve çizim ile gösterilen diaphragma pelvis ve oluşumuna katılan anatomik yapılar diseksiyon, kesit anatomisi ve bilgisayarlı tomografi yöntemleri ile tespit edildi. Kesit anatomisi ve bilgisayarlı tomografi yöntemleri aracılığı ile sagittal, transversal ve horizantal kesitler ile üç boyutlu anatomik bilgi karşılaştırmalı olarak tespit edildi. Ayrıca regio analis’in yapısını oluşturan kasların origo, insertio, kalınlık ve genişlik gibi değerleri ölçülerek köpeğin yaşı ile yapılan ölçümler arasında bir ilişki kurulmuştur. Öneri: Özellikle hernia perinealis, prolapsus recti, urethrotomi, anal keselerin yangısı ve fistülleri gibi patolojik ve klinik vakalara sergilenecek yaklaşımlarda teşhis ve tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinde bu çalışmanın katkısı oldukça önem arzetmektedir.

Macro-anatomic, cross-sectional anatomic, and computerized tomographic examination of anal region in dogs

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the anatomical structures of anal region in dogs via different anatomical examination methods and to present an approach to the region in terms of three perspectives. Our study is important for presenting new approaches for the clinical cases such as perineal hernia, anal sac inflammation and fistulae,rectal prolapse etc.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 12 dog cadavers. Comparative dissection study was conducted on perineal region of 3 male and 3 female dog cadavers. A cross-sectional anatomical study was performed in 3 male and 3 female cadavers. From 1 male dog cadaver, computerized tomographic images of perineal region were obtained and added to the images obtained within the scope of the present study.Results: In the study, anal region was examined under three anatomical titles. Pelvic diaphragm and its anatomical structures, which are shown via figures and drawings in the literature, were determined using dissection, cross-sectional anatomy, and computerized tomography methods. Three-dimensional anatomical data obtainedby sagittal, transversal and horizontal sections was comparatively determined via cross-sectional anatomy and computerized tomographymethods. In addition, the values of the muscles of the anal region such as origin, insertion, thickness and width were measured and a correlation was found between the age of the dog and the measurements.Conclusion: The contribution of this study is important for development of diagnostic and treatment methods in approaches to be exhibited especially towards pathological and clinical cases such as perineal hernia, rectal prolapse, urethrotomy, anal sac inflammation and fistulae.

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