İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin Toplama-Çıkarma İçeren Standart Sözel Problemlerde İşlem Seçme Başarıları

Sözel problemlerin öğrencilerde dil oluşumunda, akıl yürütmede ve matematiksel gelişimde önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; ilköğretim öğrencilerinin toplamsal (additive) standart sözel problemlerde doğru işlemi seçmedeki başarılarını araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla Bolu ve Batman illerinin alt-orta sosyo ekonomik düzeydeki bölgelerinden birer tane okulda 2, 3, 4 ve 5. sınıflardan toplam 184 öğrenciye 20 sözel problemlik bir sınav uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler kodlandıktan sonra istatistiki yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda öğrencilerin aritmetik işlemlerle ilişkilendirilen anahtar sözcükleri içermeyen ya da anahtar sözcüklerle uyumsuz bir işlem içeren problemlerdeki başarıları diğer problemlerdeki başarılarına göre oldukça düşük bulunmuştur. Bulguların ilköğretimde matematik eğitimi açısından sonuçları tartışılmıştır

Elementary School Students' Successes in Choosing an Operation for Additive Word Problems

Word problems are important for children’s language construction, reasoning and mathematical development. The purpose of this research was to investigate the elementary school students’ successes in choosing the correct arithmetic operation for word problems that had standard additive structures. A total of 184 students from 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades of 2 elementary schools located in mid-low socioeconomic areas in Bolu and Batman provinces were asked to solve 20 word problems. Coded data were analyzed using statistical techniques. Results showed that students were less successful in choosing the correct operation for the word problems that did not have additive keywords and word problems that had irrelevant keywords than for the other problems. Implications for mathematics education at the elementary level were discussed.

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