Dijital Ağlarda Kullanıcı Emeği ile Sermaye Birikimi Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Kapitalist gelişmenin ön koşulu olarak kabul edilen sermaye birikimi, teknolojik gelişmelere paralel biçimde yeniden şekillenmektedir. Bu yeniden şekillenme, sermaye birikiminin temelinde olan emek sömürüsüne yeni bir boyut kazandırarak, derinleştirmekte ve daha görünmez hale getirmektedir. Son yıllarda bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki dönüşüm, sermayenin kendisini yeniden üretmesine ve yeni birikim yolları bulmasına yol açmıştır. Sosyal medya platformlarının hızla popülerleşmesi, dijital medya araçlarını kullanan kişi sayısının ve dijital ağlarda geçirilen zamanın artması, sermaye birikiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, kullanıcılar dijital içerik üreterek veya diğer kullanıcıların ürettiği içeriklerle etkileşime geçerek, dijital kültürün bir parçasına haline dönüşerek önemli bir değer yaratmaktadır. Kullanıcıların yarattığı bu değer, farklı biçimlerde medya şirketleri tarafından metalaştırılmakta ve sermaye birikimi için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, kullanıcıların yarattıkları değer ile sermaye birikimi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, dijital ağ kullanıcılarının yarattıkları değerler kapsamında, kullanıcı emeği kavramı, kullanıcı emeğinin biçimleri ve sömürüsü ele alınacak olup, kullanıcı emeği ile sermaye birikimi arasındaki ilişki, Facebook örneği ile somutlaştırılacaktır.

Evaluation of The Relationship Between User Labor and Capital Accumulation in Digital Networks

Capital accumulation, which is accepted as the precondition of capitalist development, is being reshaped in parallel with technological developments. This reshaping does not reduce the exploitation of labor, which is the basis of capital accumulation, on the contrary, it adds a new dimension to exploitation, makes it widespread, and makes it more invisible. The transformation in computer and communication technologies in recent years has helped capital reproduce itself and find new ways of accumulation. Especially, the rapid popularity of social media platforms has caused a serious increase in the number of people using digital media tools and the time spent in digital networks. In this context, users are a part of digital culture and create significant value by producing digital content or interacting with content produced by other users. This value created by users is commodified in many different ways by media companies and used as a tool for capital accumulation. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the value created by users and capital accumulation. For this purpose, within the scope of the value created by digital network users in the study; The concept of user labor, the forms, and exploitation of user labor will be discussed, and the relationship between user labor and capital accumulation will be concretized with the Facebook example.

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